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Bile acids and incretins as modulators of obesity-associated atherosclerosis.
Front Cardiovasc Med
January 2025
Division of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Obesity is one of the major global health concerns of the 21st century, associated with many comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, and early and aggressive atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of death worldwide. Bile acids (BAs) and incretins are gut hormones involved in digestion and absorption of fatty acids, and insulin secretion, respectively. In recent years BAs and incretins are increasingly recognized as key signaling molecules, which target multiple tissues and organs, beyond the gastro-intestinal system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStrategies to Enhance the Therapeutic Efficacy of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists through Structural Modification and Carrier Delivery.
Chembiochem
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China.
Article Synopsis
- Diabetes is a condition where the body either doesn't produce enough insulin or can't effectively use it, leading to high blood sugar levels.
- Recently, GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have gained popularity for treating type 2 diabetes due to their ability to manage blood sugar, lower the risk of low blood sugar, and aid in weight loss.
- Despite their benefits, GLP-1RAs have issues like instability and breakdown by enzymes, prompting research into methods like structural modifications and delivery systems to enhance their effectiveness and usability.
Recent advances in incretin-based therapy for MASLD: from single to dual or triple incretin receptor agonists.
Gut
November 2024
Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medizinische Universitat Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Article Synopsis
- There is a significant need for effective drug treatments for metabolic dysfunction-associated liver diseases, specifically MASLD and its more severe form, MASH.
- GLP-1 receptor agonists, already approved for diabetes and obesity, have shown promise in early clinical trials for treating MASLD/MASH, leading to further testing in phase 3 trials.
- Newer therapies involving various incretin receptor agonists are emerging as potential solutions, particularly for patients who also have obesity or diabetes, with evidence suggesting they may help improve liver health and related complications.
Recent achievements and future directions of anti-obesity medications.
Lancet Reg Health Eur
December 2024
Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- Recent advancements in pharmacological treatments for obesity, particularly with GLP-1 agonists and unimolecular peptides, have shifted the perception of obesity management from 'Mission Impossible' to a more feasible approach with promising results.
- These novel treatments not only aid in weight loss and blood sugar control for those with obesity and type 2 diabetes, but also show potential benefits for other health issues like neurodegenerative diseases and cardiovascular conditions.
- The review discusses the progress made in incretin-based therapies, their effectiveness and safety, as well as limitations and side effects associated with their use.
Post Hoc Analysis of SURPASS-1 to -5: Efficacy and Safety of Tirzepatide in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes are Independent of Baseline Characteristics.
Diabetes Ther
January 2025
Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA.
Article Synopsis
- * The analysis included adult participants across various demographics (like age, sex, and duration of diabetes) and compared results of tirzepatide with a placebo or other treatments.
- * Results indicated that around 30-54% of participants on tirzepatide met the health targets, with a notable higher success rate in women, and gastrointestinal issues reported as the main side effects.
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