AI Article Synopsis
- The kinetochore is crucial for attaching chromosomes to microtubules during mitosis, ensuring accurate chromosome segregation.
- Key components of the kinetochore include histone-fold proteins CENP-S, -T, -W, and -X, which help establish kinetochore chromatin and form both heteromeric and heterotetrameric complexes.
- This study focuses on the methods used to purify and characterize these kinetochore histone-fold complexes to better understand their formation and function.
Article Abstract
The kinetochore connects chromosomes to microtubules during mitosis and therefore plays an essential role in faithful chromosome segregation. It is built at the centromeric region of the chromosome and is comprised of many protein complexes. CENP-S, -T, -W, and -X are kinetochore components with histone-folds. These proteins play important roles in establishment of kinetochore chromatin. Similar to canonical histones, these kinetochore histone-fold proteins form heteromeric complexes (CENP-S/CENP-X complex and CENP-T/CENP-W complex) and bind DNA in sequence independent manner. In addition, they form a CENP-T-W-S-X heterotetrameric complex and bind DNA in a manner that is different from both CENP-S-X and CENP-T-W. To understand how kinetochores form and function it is necessary to characterize the components in detail. Here, we describe our approaches in purification and characterization of the kinetochore histone-fold complexes.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3542-0_9 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
macroH2A1 drives nucleosome dephasing and genome instability in histone humanized yeast.
Cell Rep
July 2024
Institute for Systems Genetics and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA. Electronic address:
In addition to replicative histones, eukaryotic genomes encode a repertoire of non-replicative variant histones, providing additional layers of structural and epigenetic regulation. Here, we systematically replace individual replicative human histones with non-replicative human variant histones using a histone replacement system in yeast. We show that variants H2A.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAurora B promotes the CENP-T-CENP-W interaction to guide accurate chromosome segregation in mitosis.
J Mol Cell Biol
July 2024
MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, University of Science and Technology of China School of Life Sciences, Hefei 230027, China.
Article Synopsis
- Accurate chromosome segregation during cell division relies on structures called kinetochores that help pull chromosomes apart using tiny filaments called microtubules.* -
- A group of proteins called CCAN, which includes CENP-W and CENP-T, is important for connecting the DNA at the center of the chromosomes to these microtubules.* -
- When a protein called Aurora B adds a chemical tag to CENP-W, it makes CENP-W and CENP-T work better together, helping ensure that chromosomes are properly lined up and separated during cell division.*
Human macroH2A1 drives nucleosome dephasing and genome instability in histone-humanized yeast.
bioRxiv
May 2023
Institute for Systems Genetics and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Langone Health, 430 East 29th Street, New York, 10016, USA.
In addition to replicative histones, eukaryotic genomes encode a repertoire of non-replicative variant histones providing additional layers of structural and epigenetic regulation. Here, we systematically replaced individual replicative human histones with non-replicative human variant histones using a histone replacement system in yeast. Variants H2A.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGRANT Motif Regulates CENP-A Incorporation and Restricts RNA Polymerase II Accessibility at Centromere.
Genes (Basel)
September 2022
Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore.
Precise chromosome segregation is essential for maintaining genomic stability, and its proper execution centers on the centromere, a chromosomal locus that mounts the kinetochore complex to mediate attachment of chromosomes to the spindle microtubules. The location of the centromere is epigenetically determined by a centromere-specific histone H3 variant, CENP-A. Many human cancers exhibit overexpression of CENP-A, which correlates with occurrence of aneuploidy in these malignancies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecurrent but Short-Lived Duplications of Centromeric Proteins in Holocentric Caenorhabditis Species.
Mol Biol Evol
October 2022
Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
Centromeric histones (CenH3s) are essential for chromosome inheritance during cell division in most eukaryotes. CenH3 genes have rapidly evolved and undergone repeated gene duplications and diversification in many plant and animal species. In Caenorhabditis species, two independent duplications of CenH3 (named hcp-3 for HoloCentric chromosome-binding Protein 3) were previously identified in C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!