Rats were exposed to high-dose intraperitoneal cocaine. Pretreatment with diazepam was found to be highly effective in reducing observed seizures from 90% to 0% and reducing the incidence of death from 85% to 10%. Furthermore, diazepam treatment after cocaine exposure was also effective in decreasing deaths, from 80% to 21%, even when given after the onset of seizures. Although diazepam pretreatment was shown to prevent clinically overt seizures, cortical EEGs in these rats demonstrated a continuum of convulsantlike electrical activity. Our study points to the protective effects of diazepam when given before or after cocaine exposure. Together, these data suggest that diazepam has significant efficacy against cocaine intoxication even though it does not totally suppress cocaine-induced cortical EEG seizure activity.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0196-0644(89)80840-6 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Cocaine-Induced Remodeling of the Rat Brain Peptidome: Quantitative Mass Spectrometry Reveals Anatomically Specific Patterns of Cocaine-Regulated Peptide Changes.
ACS Chem Neurosci
January 2025
School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin─Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States.
Addiction to psychostimulants, including cocaine, causes widespread morbidity and mortality and is a major threat to global public health. Currently, no pharmacotherapies can successfully treat psychostimulant addiction. The neuroactive effects of cocaine and other psychostimulants have been studied extensively with respect to their modulation of monoamine systems (particularly dopamine); effects on neuropeptide systems have received less attention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[C]MK-6884 PET imaging reveals lower M muscarinic acetylcholine receptor availability following cocaine self-administration in male rats.
Pharmacol Rep
January 2025
Department of Translational Neuroscience, Center for Addiction Research, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 115 South Chestnut St, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA.
Background: Cocaine Use Disorder (CUD) remains a significant problem in the United States, with high rates of relapse and no present FDA-approved treatment. The acetylcholine neurotransmitter system, specifically through modulation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) function, has shown promise as a therapeutic target for multiple aspects of CUD. Enhancement of the M mAChR subtype via positive allosteric modulation has been shown to inhibit the behavioral and neurochemical effects of cocaine across several rodent models of CUD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCocaine-Induced Microglial Impairment and Its Rehabilitation by PLX-PAD Cell Therapy.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Neuropharmacology Laboratory, The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.
Chronic cocaine use triggers inflammatory and oxidative processes in the central nervous system, resulting in impaired microglia. Mesenchymal stem cells, known for their immunomodulatory properties, have shown promise in reducing inflammation and enhancing neuronal survival. The study employed the cocaine self-administration model, focusing on ionized calcium-binding adaptor protein 1 (Iba-1) and cell morphology as markers for microglial impairment and PLX-PAD cells as a treatment for attenuating cocaine craving.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSubstance use and psychiatric outcomes following substance use disorder treatment: An 18-month prospective cohort study in Chile.
Addiction
January 2025
Center for Studies on Justice and Society (CJS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de, Chile.
Background And Aims: Evidence from high-income countries has linked duration and compliance with treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs) with reductions in substance use and improvements in mental health. Generalizing these findings to other regions like South America, where opioid and injection drug use is uncommon, is not straightforward. We examined if length of time in treatment and compliance with treatment reduced subsequent substance use and presence of psychiatric comorbidities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Impacts of Substance Use and Depression on HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Use and Adherence Among Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents and Young Adults in the Keeping it LITE Cohort.
AIDS Behav
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Substance use and depression are prevalent in sexual and gender minorities (SGM), but evidence about their impacts on HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use is mixed. We assessed these impacts in a US-based cohort of 3,330 young SGM who tested negative for HIV and completed baseline and semiannual assessments on substance use (cocaine, methamphetamine, or heroin), depression, and PrEP use and adherence. We estimated prevalence differences (PDs) to compare baseline and 12-month PrEP use and adherence between participants with and without substance use and depression, separately and jointly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!