A distribution of specific lifespan has been studied in different taxonomic groups of animals. A positive skewness has been observed in animal kingdom as well as in smaller taxonomic groups. The skewness is higher in groups with relatively short lifespan (Insecta, Rotatoria, Mollusca). A coefficient of variation and excess is also higher in the above groups. A comparison of these coefficients with paleontological age of the group allows to conclude that evolutionary progress of animals was accompanied by the increase in skewness, variation and excess of specific lifespan distribution.
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Front Aging
January 2025
Molecular Medicine, NSW Health Pathology, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
Aging is a complex process marked by various changes at both cellular and systemic levels, impacting the functioning and lifespan of organisms. Over time, researchers have pinpointed several significant hallmarks of aging that lead to the gradual deterioration of tissue function, regulation, and homeostasis associated with aging in humans. Despite this, the intricate interactions and cumulative effects of these hallmarks are still mostly uncharted territory.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Med Chem
January 2025
Laboratory for Research on Molecular Mechanisms of Longevity, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, HSE University, Moscow, Russia.
Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of cholesterol uptake genes in predicting the survival of breast cancer patients.
Background: Cholesterol plays a crucial role in the homeostasis of tumor cells. It is known that cholesterol levels can influence important parameters of the disease, such as sensitivity to therapy, progression, and metastasis of cancer.
Immunology
January 2025
Aging Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, South Korea.
In a super-aging society, the increase in the elderly population is closely tied to a rise in infectious diseases due to factors such as weakened immune systems and decreased vaccine efficacy in older adults. Various opportunistic pathogens commonly encountered in everyday life can cause infections and diseases when an individual's immune defence is weakened due to aging. These factors underscore the importance of preventive measures against pathogenic infections and the aging of immune systems in the elderly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Endocr Metab Disord
January 2025
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
This review focuses on our current understanding of how growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH): 1) stimulates GH release and synthesis from pituitary growth hormone (GH)-producing cells (somatotropes), 2) drives somatotrope proliferation, 3) is negatively regulated by somatostatin (SST), GH and IGF1, 4) is altered throughout lifespan and in response to metabolic challenges, and 5) analogues can be used clinically to treat conditions of GH excess or deficiency. Although a large body of early work provides an underpinning for our current understanding of GHRH, this review specifically highlights more recent work that was made possible by state-of-the-art analytical tools, receptor-specific agonists and antagonists, high-resolution in vivo and ex vivo imaging and the development of tissue (cell) -specific ablation mouse models, to paint a more detailed picture of the regulation and actions of GHRH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Leukoc Biol
January 2025
Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital.
Immune cells express a variety of ion channels and transporters in the plasma membrane and intracellular organelles, responsible of the transference of charged ions across hydrophobic lipid membrane barriers. The correct regulation of ion transport ensures proper immune cell function, activation, proliferation, and cell death. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease in which the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) chloride channel gene is defective, consequently, the CFTR protein is dysfunctional, and the chloride efflux in CF cells is markedly impaired.
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