The excited state relaxation dynamics of the solvated electron in H2O and D2O are investigated using time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy in a liquid microjet. The data show that the initial excited state decays on a time scale of 75 ± 12 fs in H2O and 102 ± 8 fs in D2O, followed by slower relaxation on time scales of 400 ± 70 fs and 390 ± 70 fs that are isotopically invariant within the precision of our measurements. Based on the time evolution of the transient signals, the faster and slower time constants are assigned to p → s internal conversion (IC) of the hydrated electron and relaxation on the ground electronic state, respectively. This assignment is consistent with the non-adiabatic mechanism for relaxation of the hydrated electron and yields an isotope effect of 1.4 ± 0.2 for IC of the hydrated electron.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4948546 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
School of Civil Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600127, India.
The carbon footprint associated with cement production, coupled with depletion of natural resources and climate change, underscores the need for sustainable alternatives. This study explores the effect of metakaolin (MK) and nano-silica (NS) on concrete's engineering performance and environmental impact. Initially, compressive, tensile, and flexural strength tests, along with durability assessments like water absorption, sorptivity, rapid chloride permeability, and resistance to acid and sulphate attacks, were conducted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
January 2025
College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Jingchu Special Foods, Jingzhou 434000, China. Electronic address:
In this work, a nanocomposite film, designated as CS/PA, was fabricated by integrating chitosan (CS), porphyrinic porous coordination network (PCN), and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). PCN modified AgNPs was denoted as PCN-AgNPs (PA). The synthesis of PA was verified through transmission electron microscope, Zeta potential, hydrated particle size, element mapping.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem Lett
January 2025
DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
Clathrate hydrates (CHs) are believed to exist in cold regions of space, such as comets and icy moons. While spectroscopic studies have explored their formation under similar laboratory conditions, direct structural characterization using diffraction techniques has remained elusive. We present the first electron diffraction study of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and 1,3-dioxolane (DIOX) CHs in the form of nanometer-thin ice films under an ultrahigh vacuum at cryogenic temperatures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Science and Technology, AnHui Huainan, 232001, China.
In order to study the durability of solidified waste mud, dry-wet cycle experiments were carried out under the erosion of sodium chloride solutions with different concentrations. The unconfined compressive strength and mass change rate of solidified mud were studied and analyzed. The results show that when the number of dry-wet cycles increases, the unconfined compressive strength and mass of the sample show a downward trend.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolymers (Basel)
December 2024
Medical College, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028043, China.
The present study aimed to explore an ideal delivery system for triptolide (TPL) by utilizing the thin-film hydration method to prepare drug-loaded, folate-modified mixed pluronic micelles (FA-F-127/F-68-TPL). Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy showed that the drug-loaded micelles had a spherical shape with a small particle size, with an average of 30.7 nm.
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