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The Effect of Orbital Configuration on the Possible Climates and Habitability of Kepler-62f. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study focuses on Kepler-62f, a potentially habitable planet within a system of five planets orbiting a K2V star, and examines how gravitational interactions among the planets can influence its climate and habitability over time.
  • Numerical simulations indicate that Kepler-62f's potential to support surface liquid water is highly dependent on its orbital eccentricity and atmospheric conditions, particularly CO2 levels, with specific configurations needed for warmth and stability.
  • Results suggest that increased atmospheric pressure, especially over 3 bar of CO2, and a certain planetary tilt (obliquity) are crucial for preventing freezing and maintaining habitable conditions, indicating a variety of scenarios for its climate that could resemble modern Earth.

Article Abstract

Unlabelled: As lower-mass stars often host multiple rocky planets, gravitational interactions among planets can have significant effects on climate and habitability over long timescales. Here we explore a specific case, Kepler-62f (Borucki et al., 2013 ), a potentially habitable planet in a five-planet system with a K2V host star. N-body integrations reveal the stable range of initial eccentricities for Kepler-62f is 0.00 ≤ e ≤ 0.32, absent the effect of additional, undetected planets. We simulate the tidal evolution of Kepler-62f in this range and find that, for certain assumptions, the planet can be locked in a synchronous rotation state. Simulations using the 3-D Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD) Generic global climate model (GCM) indicate that the surface habitability of this planet is sensitive to orbital configuration. With 3 bar of CO2 in its atmosphere, we find that Kepler-62f would only be warm enough for surface liquid water at the upper limit of this eccentricity range, providing it has a high planetary obliquity (between 60° and 90°). A climate similar to that of modern-day Earth is possible for the entire range of stable eccentricities if atmospheric CO2 is increased to 5 bar levels. In a low-CO2 case (Earth-like levels), simulations with version 4 of the Community Climate System Model (CCSM4) GCM and LMD Generic GCM indicate that increases in planetary obliquity and orbital eccentricity coupled with an orbital configuration that places the summer solstice at or near pericenter permit regions of the planet with above-freezing surface temperatures. This may melt ice sheets formed during colder seasons. If Kepler-62f is synchronously rotating and has an ocean, CO2 levels above 3 bar would be required to distribute enough heat to the nightside of the planet to avoid atmospheric freeze-out and permit a large enough region of open water at the planet's substellar point to remain stable. Overall, we find multiple plausible combinations of orbital and atmospheric properties that permit surface liquid water on Kepler-62f.

Key Words: Extrasolar planets-Habitability-Planetary environments. Astrobiology 16, 443-464.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4900229PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ast.2015.1353DOI Listing

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