In a series of recent experiments, we found that if rats are presented with two temporal cues, each signifying that reward will be delivered after a different duration elapses (e.g., tone-10 seconds / light-20 seconds), they will behave as if they have computed a weighted average of these respective durations. In the current article, we argue that this effect, referred to as "temporal averaging", can be understood within the context of Bayesian Decision Theory. Specifically, we propose and provide preliminary data showing that, when averaging, rats weight different durations based on the relative variability of the information their respective cues provide.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2016.02.004 | DOI Listing |
Anim Cogn
January 2025
Neuroscience Department, Oberlin College, 173 Lorain St, Oberlin, OH, USA.
Keeping track of time intervals is a crucial aspect of behavior and cognition. Many theoretical models of how the brain times behavior make predictions for steady-state performance of well-learned intervals, but the rate of learning intervals in these models varies greatly, ranging from one-shot learning to learning over thousands of trials. Here, we explored how quickly rats and mice adapt to changes in interval durations using a serial fixed-interval task.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Funct Morphol Kinesiol
December 2024
College of Education, National Tsing Hua University, Nanda Campus, No. 521, Nanda Rd., Hsinchu City 300193, Taiwan.
Top badminton players must carefully schedule tournaments to perform well and improve their rankings. This study examines how players plan their tournament participation and whether their scheduling strategies affect their rankings and performance, especially during Olympic and non-Olympic years. Data were extracted from the Badminton World Federation (BWF) ranking system for the top 50 men's and women's singles players from May 2014 to May 2019.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Neuropsychiatr
January 2025
IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
Objective: Time distortions characterise severe mental disorders, exhibiting different clinical and neurobiological manifestations. This systematic review aims to explore the existing literature encompassing experimental studies on time perception in patients with bipolar disorder (BD), considering psychopathological and cognitive correlates.
Methods: Studies using an experimental paradigm to objectively measure the capacity to judge time have been searched for.
Implement Sci
January 2025
Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Background: While key to interpreting findings and assessing generalizability, implementation fidelity is underreported in mobile health (mHealth) literature. We evaluated implementation fidelity of an opt-in, hybrid, two-way texting (2wT) intervention previously demonstrated to improve 12-month retention on antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in a quasi-experimental study in Lilongwe, Malawi.
Methods: Short message service (SMS) data and ART refill visit records were used to evaluate adherence to 2wT content, frequency and duration through the lens of the Conceptual Framework for Implementation Fidelity.
BMC Health Serv Res
January 2025
John Richards Centre for Rural Ageing Research, La Trobe Rural Health School, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Edwards Road, Flora Hill, VIC 3550, Victoria, Australia.
Background: Evidence is limited on the factors influencing successful stroke rehabilitation in regional contexts. Additionally, the relationship between rehabilitation costs following acute stroke, based on Australian National Subacute and Non-Acute Patient (AN-SNAP) casemix classification, and rehabilitation success remains unclear.
Objective: This retrospective cohort study investigated the factors contributing to improved functional outcomes following stroke rehabilitation in an Australian regional hospital, also evaluating the respective average daily and total payments.
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