A high proportion of the human population in lymphatic filariasis (LF) endemic areas is positive for filarial specific IgG4 antibodies, including many individuals without microfilariae (mf; circulating larvae in the human blood) or circulating filarial antigens (CFA; marker of adult worm infection). The antibodies are commonly regarded as markers of infection and/or exposure to filarial larvae, but a direct association between the antibodies and these indices has not been well documented. The present study assessed the role and relative effect of potential drivers of the human IgG4 antibody reactivity to the recombinant filarial antigen Bm14 in Wuchereria bancrofti endemic populations in East Africa. Sera collected during previous studies from 395 well characterized individuals with regard to age, sex, mf, CFA, household vector biting and household exposure to infective filarial larvae were tested for IgG4 antibodies to Bm14, and associations between antibody reactivity and the different variables were statistically analyzed. IgG4 reactivity to Bm14 was highly positively associated with CFA, and to a lesser extent with age. However, an expected association with household exposure to infective filarial larvae was not found. Bm14 antibody reactivity thus appeared mainly to reflect actual infection of individuals with adult filarial worms rather than ongoing exposure to transmission. The analyses moreover suggested that many of the CFA negative but Bm14 positive individuals had early or low level infections where antibodies had been induced but where CFA was not (yet?) measurable. Although the study indicated that IgG4 reactivity to Bm14 is a marker of filarial infection, assessment of this reactivity, especially in children, will still be useful for indirect monitoring of changes in transmission intensity, including break of transmission and post-elimination surveillance, in LF control.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.05.003 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Identification of Early and Late Responders to Anti-IL-13 Antibody Tralokinumab in Atopic Dermatitis: A Real-World Japanese Study.
Dermatitis
December 2024
From the Department of Dermatology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Inzai, Japan.
Tralokinumab, an anti-IL-13 antibody, is an effective treatment for patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). However, predictive factors for responders to tralokinumab remain unclear in real-world practice. This study aimed to identify predictive factors for early and late responders to tralokinumab treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Use of the Nitroblue Tetrazolium Test in Blood Granulocytes for Discriminating Bacterial and Non-Bacterial Neutrophilic Dermatitis.
Vet Sci
December 2024
Fundació Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Universitat Autὸnoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
This study aimed to evaluate differences in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by peripheral blood neutrophils in healthy dogs, dogs with superficial pyoderma, and dogs with sterile neutrophilic dermatitis using the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction test. Additionally, the study assessed the potential of the NBT reduction test as a diagnostic tool to differentiate between these clinical conditions. A total of 28 dogs were divided into three groups: healthy (n = 10), superficial pyoderma (n = 10), and sterile neutrophilic dermatitis (n = 8).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntensity of Intrathecal Total IgG Synthesis in Multiple Sclerosis Correlates with the Degree of Pleocytosis, Diversity of Intrathecal Antiviral Antibody Specificities, and Female Sex.
Antibodies (Basel)
December 2024
Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research Section, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
Background: The presence of intrathecal total IgG production is a hallmark of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) characteristics in multiple sclerosis (MS). Herein, we systematically analyze how the intensity (instead of mere presence) of intrathecal total IgG production relates to basic CSF parameters in MS.
Methods: We retrospectively assessed clinical routine CSF findings from 390 therapy-naïve relapsing-remitting MS patients diagnosed according to 2017 revised McDonald criteria.
Engineering an Ionic Aggregation-Induced Luminescence-Labeled Fluorescence Lateral Flow Immunoassay for C-Reactive Protein in Human Plasma.
Anal Chem
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Water Security and Water Environment Protection in Plateau Intersection (NWNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China.
The surge of lateral flow immunoassays (LFAs) stimulates researchers to explore the novel vibrant aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen)-doped nanoparticles to improve the accuracy and reliability of LFAs. However, the loading amount of AIEgens currently used for the LFA in microspheres is limited due to their symmetrical large conjugated skeleton structure, which significantly reduces the fluorescence brightness of the signal reporter in the LFA. Herein, an ionic AIEgens with a donor-acceptor type was developed as the signal reporter of the LFA for C-reactive protein (CRP).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetic characterization of diagnostic epitopes of cardiac troponin I in African rhinoceros.
J Vet Diagn Invest
December 2024
Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa.
African rhinoceros undergo chemical immobilization and prolonged transport during translocations for conservation purposes and, hence, experience several pathophysiologic changes, including skeletal muscle injury. Potential concurrent myocardial injury has not been investigated due to a lack of validated immunoassays. We aimed to use inferred cardiac troponin I (cTnI) amino acid sequences of southern white () and southern-central black () rhinoceros to assess the potential usefulness of several commercial cTnI immunoassays for detecting cTnI in African rhinoceros.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!