Carbon ion radiation is a promising new form of radiotherapy for cancer, but the central question about the biologic effects of charged particle radiation is yet incompletely understood. Key to this question is the understanding of the interaction of ions with DNA in the cell's nucleus. Induction and repair of DNA lesions including double-strand breaks (DSBs) are decisive for the cell. Several DSB repair markers have been used to investigate these processes microscopically, but the limited resolution of conventional microscopy is insufficient to provide structural insights. We have applied superresolution microscopy to overcome these limitations and analyze the fine structure of DSB repair foci. We found that the conventionally detected foci of the widely used DSB marker γH2AX (Ø 700-1000 nm) were composed of elongated subfoci with a size of ∼100 nm consisting of even smaller subfocus elements (Ø 40-60 nm). The structural organization of the subfoci suggests that they could represent the local chromatin structure of elementary DSB repair units at the DSB damage sites. Subfocus clusters may indicate induction of densely spaced DSBs, which are thought to be associated with the high biologic effectiveness of carbon ions. Superresolution microscopy might emerge as a powerful tool to improve our knowledge of interactions of ionizing radiation with cells.-Lopez Perez, R., Best, G., Nicolay, N. H., Greubel, C., Rossberger, S., Reindl, J., Dollinger, G., Weber, K.-J., Cremer, C., Huber, P. E. Superresolution light microscopy shows nanostructure of carbon ion radiation-induced DNA double-strand break repair foci.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fj.201500106R | DOI Listing |
Nanomicro Lett
January 2025
Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China.
Compared with Zn, the current mainly reported charge carrier for zinc hybrid capacitors, small-hydrated-sized and light-weight NH is expected as a better one to mediate cathodic interfacial electrochemical behaviors, yet has not been unraveled. Here we propose an NH-modulated cationic solvation strategy to optimize cathodic spatial charge distribution and achieve dynamic Zn/NH co-storage for boosting Zinc hybrid capacitors. Owing to the hierarchical cationic solvated structure in hybrid Zn(CFSO)-NHCFSO electrolyte, high-reactive Zn and small-hydrate-sized NH(HO) induce cathodic interfacial Helmholtz plane reconfiguration, thus effectively enhancing the spatial charge density to activate 20% capacity enhancement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcc Chem Res
January 2025
The Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States.
ConspectusIn the search for efficient and selective electrocatalysts capable of converting greenhouse gases to value-added products, enzymes found in naturally existing bacteria provide the basis for most approaches toward electrocatalyst design. Ni,Fe-carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (Ni,Fe-CODH) is one such enzyme, with a nickel-iron-sulfur cluster named the C-cluster, where CO binds and is converted to CO at high rates near the thermodynamic potential. In this Account, we divide the enzyme's catalytic contributions into three categories based on location and function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAstrobiology
January 2025
Experimental Biophysics and Space Sciences, Department of Physics, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
The (PSS) experiment was part of the European Space Agency's mission and was conducted on the International Space Station from 2014 to 2016. The PSS experiment investigated the properties of montmorillonite clay as a protective shield against degradation of organic compounds that were exposed to elevated levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation in space. Additionally, we examined the potential for montmorillonite to catalyze UV-induced breakdown of the amino acid alanine and its potential to trap the resulting photochemical byproducts within its interlayers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
January 2025
Medical 3D Printing Center, Orthopedic Institute, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China.
Stem cell implantation holds promise for enhancing bone repair, but risks of pathogen transmission and malignant cell transformation should not be ignored. Compared to stem cell implantation, recruitment of endogenous stem cells to injured sites is more critical for in situ bone regeneration. In this study, based on the acidic microenvironment of bone injury, an HG-AA-SDF-1α composite hydrogel with a dual-control intelligent switch function is developed by incorporating stromal cell-derived factor (SDF-1α), arginine carbon dots (Arg-CDs), and calcium ions (Ca) into the oxidized hyaluronic acid/gelatin methacryloyl (HG) hydrogel.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDalton Trans
January 2025
Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, People's Republic of China.
A binder-free and freestanding electrode was designed by uniformly immobilizing carbon quantum dot (CQD)-anchored polyaniline (PANI) heterostructures onto electrospun carbon nanofibers (CNFs) a facile hierarchical assembly process. The fabricated freestanding CNF/PANI/CQD electrode exhibits a unique three-dimensional (3D) network nanostructure, which accelerates ion migration between the interior and surface of the electrode, thereby enhancing its charging and discharging performance. Moreover, the functional groups on the surface of CQDs could anchor PANI through possible chemical bonding, which not only improves the stability of the PANI/CQD heterojunction but also creates an additional conductive channel for the PANI polymer.
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