Unilateral opaque lung with ipsilateral mediastinal shift is an uncommon cause of respiratory distress in newborn which can be found on simple radiograph of the chest. Pulmonary agenesis is a rare cause of unilateral opaque lung in the newborn. Nearly 50% cases of pulmonary agenesis are associated with other congenital defects including cardiovascular, skeletal, gastrointestinal or genitourinary systems. We report an infant with agenesis of the right lung associated with other congenital anomalies.
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Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex
March 2025
Clinical Research Service, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City. Mexico.
Background: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a severe condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Its severity correlates with the degree of pulmonary hypoplasia. Recent literature has emphasized the importance of identifying distinct hemodynamic phenotypes (HP) to guide physiology-based management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Case Rep
March 2025
Neonatology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
A unilateral absent pulmonary artery with unilateral pulmonary hypoplasia is an exceptionally rare congenital anomaly. This case report details the management of a neonate diagnosed antenatally with absent right main pulmonary artery and right pulmonary hypoplasia. The neonate developed respiratory failure within 24 hours of birth and was successfully managed with invasive ventilation and conservative treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Pediatr
February 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Prenatal Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Köln, Cologne, Germany.
Purpose: Fetal lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO) is a rare congenital disease associated with high morbidity and mortality due to pulmonary hypoplasia and renal insufficiency. Fetal management includes early vesicoamniotic shunting (VAS), a technique that has evolved in recent years to preserve kidney function. Previous publications have focused on intrauterine shunt complications, such as dislocation and preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransl Pediatr
January 2025
Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Urumqi, China.
Background: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and congenital diaphragmatic eventration (CDE) are rare congenital anomalies. They occur in approximately one in 2,000-3,000 and 2,500-5,000 children respectively. It is difficult to distinguish between CDE and right diaphragmatic hernia in fetal period, which can cause changes in the position of the heart and lead to dysplasia of the right lung; absence of the right lung can lead to secondary dextrocardia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStem Cells Transl Med
January 2025
Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 0A4.
Disruption of developmental processes affecting the fetal lung leads to pulmonary hypoplasia. Pulmonary hypoplasia results from several conditions including congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and oligohydramnios. Both entities have high morbidity and mortality, and no effective therapy that fully restores normal lung development.
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