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Effect of individual variations in genes related to dopamine brain transmission on performance with and without rewards during motor sequence and probabilistic learning tasks in children and young adults with and without cerebral palsy.
PLoS One
January 2025
Neurorehabilitation and Biomechanics Research Section, Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America.
Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often participate in training to improve mobility, hand function and other motor abilities. However, responses to these interventions vary considerably across individuals even those with similar brain injuries, ages and functional levels. Dopamine is a neurotrasmitter known to affect motor skill acquistion in animals and humans and may be influenced by individual variations in genes related to brain transmission of dopamine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFValidation of the 2022 ACR/EULAR classification criteria for giant cell arteritis in Koran patients with giant cell arteritis.
Mod Rheumatol
January 2025
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Objectives: We applied the 2022 American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European Alliance of Association for Rheumatology (EULAR) criteria to Korean patients previously diagnosed with giant cell arteritis (GCA) according to the 1990 ACR criteria and validated its clinical efficiency.
Methods: Nine patients with GCA were included in this study. The proportion of patients meeting each item of the 1990 ACR criteria and the 2022 ACR/EULAR criteria were assessed.
Changing pattern of urban landscape and its impact on thermal environment of Lahore; Implications for climate change and sustainable development.
Environ Monit Assess
January 2025
College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
Rapid urbanization in Lahore has dramatically transformed land use and land cover (LULC), significantly impacting the city's thermal environment and intensifying climate change and sustainable development challenges. This study aims to examine the changes in the urban landscape of Lahore and their impact on the Urban thermal environment between 1990 and 2020. The previous studies conducted on Lahore lack the application of Geospatial artificial intelligence (GeoAI) to quantify land use and land cover, which is successfully covered in this study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Structural and functional heterogeneity in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) leads to diagnostic and prognostic uncertainty and confounds clinical treatment planning. Normative modelling, where individual-level deviations in brain measures from a reference sample are computed to infer personalized effects of disease, allows parsing of disease heterogeneity. In this study, GAN based normative modelling technique quantifies individual level neuroanatomical abnormality thereby facilitating measurement of personalized disease related effects in AD patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA weight of evidence review on the mode of action, adversity, and the human relevance of xylene's observed thyroid effects in rats.
Crit Rev Toxicol
January 2025
Product Stewardship, Science & Regulatory, Shell Global Solutions International B.V. The Hague, the Netherlands.
Xylene substances have wide industrial and consumer uses and are currently undergoing dossier and substance evaluation under Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) for further toxicological testing including consideration of an additional neurotoxicological testing cohort to an extended one-generation reproduction toxicity (EOGRT) study. New repeated dose study data on xylenes identify the thyroid as a potential target tissue, and therefore a weight of evidence review is provided to investigate whether or not xylene-mediated changes on the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis are secondary to liver enzymatic induction and are of a magnitude that is relevant for neurological human health concerns. Multiple published studies confirm xylene-mediated increases in liver weight, hepatocellular hypertrophy, and liver enzymatic induction the oral or inhalation routes, including an increase in uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase (UDP-GT) activity, the key step in thyroid hormone metabolism in rodents.
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