AI Article Synopsis
- Sonication creates tiny bubbles in water that collapse violently, producing reactive species and hydrogen, while also emitting light (sonoluminescence).
- The study focuses on understanding the optimal size of these active bubbles for maximizing hydrogen production using a theoretical model, examining how factors like ultrasound frequency, intensity, and temperature affect bubble size.
- Results indicate that larger active bubbles are needed for optimal hydrogen production with higher acoustic intensity, while smaller bubbles are more effective at higher frequencies and temperatures; findings align with experimental observations of sonoluminescing bubbles.
Article Abstract
The sonication of aqueous solution generates microscopic cavitation bubbles that may growth and violently collapse to produce highly reactive species (i.e. OH, HO2 and H2O2), hydrogen and emit light, sonoluminescence. The bubble size is a key parameter that influences the chemical activity of the system. This wok aims to study theoretically the size of active bubbles for the production of hydrogen in ultrasonic cavitation field in water using a single bubble sonochemistry model. The effect of several parameters such as frequency of ultrasound, acoustic intensity and liquid temperature on the range of sonochemically active bubbles for the production of hydrogen was clarified. The numerical simulation results showed that the size of active bubbles is an interval which includes an optimum value at which the production rate of H2 is maximal. It was shown that the range of ambient radius for an active bubble as well as the optimum bubble radius for the production of hydrogen increased with increasing acoustic intensity and decreased with increasing ultrasound frequency and bulk liquid temperature. It was found that the range of ambient bubble radius dependence of the operational conditions followed the same trend as those reported experimentally for sonoluminescing bubbles. Comparison with literature data showed a good agreement between the theoretical determined optimum bubble sizes for the production of hydrogen and the experimental reported sizes for sonoluminescing bubbles.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.03.026 | DOI Listing |
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