Dietary advice is the cornerstone in first-line treatment of metabolic diseases. Nutritional interventions directed at these clinical conditions mainly aim to (a) improve insulin resistance by reducing energy-dense macronutrient intake to obtain weight loss and (b) reduce fluctuations in insulin secretion through avoidance of rapidly absorbable carbohydrates. However, even in the majority of motivated patients selected for clinical trials, massive efforts using this approach have failed to achieve lasting efficacy. Less attention has been given to the role of micronutrients in metabolic diseases. Here, we review the evidence that highlights (a) the importance of iron in pancreatic beta-cell function and dysfunction in diabetes and (b) the integrative pathophysiological effects of tissue iron levels in the interactions among the beta cell, gut microbiome, hypothalamus, innate and adaptive immune systems, and insulin-sensitive tissues. We propose that clinical trials are warranted to clarify the impact of dietary or pharmacological iron reduction on the development of metabolic disorders.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-071715-050939 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Transcriptomic analysis of pancreatic tissue from humans and mice identifies potential gene signatures and unexplored pathways during progression from acute to chronic pancreatitis.
Gene
December 2024
Translational Research Centre, Asian Healthcare Foundation, AIG Hospitals, Hyderabad, India. Electronic address:
Background: A comprehensive understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis (CP), a fibroinflammatory disorder of the pancreas, is warranted for the development of targeted therapies. The current study focused on comparing the transcriptomes of pancreatic tissues obtained from patients with CP with those of two rodent models of chemically induced CP to identify dysregulated genes/signaling pathways.
Methods: Pancreatitis was induced in mice using cerulein and L-arginine.
Deciphering the involvement of norepinephrine and β-adrenergic receptor subtypes in glucose induced insulin secretion: an integrated and exploration using isolated pancreatic islets of C57BL/6J mice.
J Recept Signal Transduct Res
December 2024
Father George Albuquerque Pai Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, St Aloysius (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru, Karnataka, India.
Regulating insulin production by pancreatic beta cells is crucial for maintaining metabolic balance. Previous studies observed elevated neurotransmitter levels, like norepinephrine (NE), in metabolic syndrome mice with impaired insulin secretion. Given the therapeutic potential of β-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) for diabetes and obesity, and the lack of structural data on murine β-ARs, we aimed to construct and validate 3D models to investigate their roles in insulin secretion regulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemically defined and growth factor-free system for highly efficient endoderm induction of human pluripotent stem cells.
Stem Cell Reports
December 2024
School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Shandong 266071, China; Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China. Electronic address:
Definitive endoderm (DE) derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) holds great promise for cell-based therapies and drug discovery. However, current DE differentiation methods required undefined components and/or expensive recombinant proteins, limiting their scalable manufacture and clinical use. Homogeneous DE differentiation in defined and recombinant protein-free conditions remains a major challenge.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring insulin resistance and pancreatic function in individuals with overweight and obesity: Insights from OGTTs and IRTs.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract
December 2024
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China. Electronic address:
To investigate insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell function in overweight or obese people under the same glucose tolerance conditions. The subjects were categorized based on the results of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the BMI classification criteria. Basal and postprandial glucose concentrations, insulin concentrations, pancreatic β-cell function (HOMA-β), the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), and the insulin early secretion index (ΔI30/ΔG30) were compared between the different weight groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdiponectin deficiency prevents chronic colitis-associated colonic fibrosis via inhibiting CXCL13 production.
J Adv Res
December 2024
Hebei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Activity Components and Function, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China. Electronic address:
Introduction: Colonic fibrosis is a long-term complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), often leading to functional impairment, intestinal obstruction, and surgery. Adiponectin (APN) is an adipokine derived from adipocytes that plays a pleiotropic role in fibrosis regulation, depending on tissue and cell type specific or disease context, but its role in colonic fibrosis remains unclear.
Objective: To explore the role and involved mechanism of APN in chronic colitis-associated colonic fibrosis.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!