The surface properties of nanoparticles (NPs) dictate their interaction with the outside world. The use of precisely designed molecular ligands to control NP surface properties provides an important toolkit for modulating their interaction with biological systems, facilitating their use in biomedicine. In this review we will discuss the application of the atom-by-atom control provided by organic synthesis to the generation of engineered nanoparticles, with emphasis on how the functionalization of NPs with these "small" organic molecules (Mw < 1,000) can be used to engineer NPs for a wide range of applications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2015.11.002 | DOI Listing |
NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes
January 2025
Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
Biofilms are critical for understanding environmental processes, developing biotechnology applications, and progressing in medical treatments of various infections. Nowadays, a key limiting factor for biofilm analysis is the difficulty in obtaining large datasets with fully annotated images. This study introduces a versatile approach for creating synthetic datasets of annotated biofilm images with employing deep generative modeling techniques, including VAEs, GANs, diffusion models, and CycleGAN.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
Enamine Ltd, Organic synthesis for drug discovery, UKRAINE.
A general method to convert simple exocyclic alkenes (no Ar-substituents) into saturated F2-rings has been developed. The reaction involves the IIII-reagent C6F5I(OAc)2 (F5-PIDA). The reaction efficiently works on the mg-, g-, and even multigram scale.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chem
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials and Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
This study tackles the challenge of enantiodifferentiation of nitrile compounds, which is typically difficult to resolve using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) due to the significant distance between the chiral center and the nitrogen atom involved in molecular interactions. We have developed novel chiral F-labeled probes, each featuring two chiral centers, to exploit the "match-mismatch" effect, thereby enhancing enantiodiscrimination. This strategy effectively differentiates chiral analytes with quaternary chiral carbon centers as well as those with similar substituents at the chiral center.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Arts and Science, 32260 Isparta, Turkey.
Poly(lactic) (PLA) is a biodegradable material obtained from renewable resources and is recognized as a safe biopolymer by the Food and Drug Administration. PLA expresses excellent mechanical and moldability attributes nonetheless poor elasticity/functionality limits its widespread utilization. One approach to compensate for this is chemical surface modification through free radical grafting with small organic molecules like maleic anhydride (MA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Agric Food Chem
January 2025
College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
The biomass-derived furan aldehydes furfural (FF) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) are versatile platform chemicals used to produce various value-added chemicals through further valorization processes. Selectively reducing C═O in FF and HMF molecules to form furfuryl alcohol (FAL) and 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF), represents an important research field in upgrading biomass-based furan compounds. Currently, the reduction of furan aldehydes to furan alcohols through chemical transformation often leads to unavoidable environmental issues and the formation of potential byproducts.
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