Pancreatic islets are richly vascularized, and islet blood vessels are uniquely adapted to maintain and support the internal milieu of the islets favoring normal endocrine function. Islet blood flow is normally very high compared with that to the exocrine pancreas and is autonomously regulated through complex interactions between the nervous system, metabolites from insulin secreting β-cells, endothelium-derived mediators, and hormones. The islet blood flow is normally coupled to the needs for insulin release and is usually disturbed during glucose intolerance and overt diabetes. The present review provides a brief background on islet vascular function and especially focuses on available techniques to measure islet blood perfusion. The gold standard for islet blood flow measurements in experimental animals is the microsphere technique, and its advantages and disadvantages will be discussed. In humans there are still no methods to measure islet blood flow selectively, but new developments in radiological techniques hold great hopes for the future.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4900068 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03009734.2016.1164769 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Beneficial Actions of 4-Methylumbelliferone in Type 1 Diabetes by Promoting β Cell Renewal and Inhibiting Dedifferentiation.
Biomedicines
December 2024
Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China.
: This study aims to investigate the effects of 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) on islet morphology, cell phenotype and function, and to explore possible mechanisms of β cell regeneration. : The Type 1 diabetes (T1D) model was induced by continuous dose injection of streptozotocin (STZ), and mice were treated with 4-MU for 3 weeks. Plasma insulin level, islet cell phenotype and immune infiltration were determined by IPGTT, ELISA, HE and immunofluorescence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparative Effects of GLP-1 and GLP-2 on Beta-Cell Function, Glucose Homeostasis and Appetite Regulation.
Biomolecules
November 2024
Centre for Diabetes, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) are related intestinal L-cell derived secretory products. GLP-1 has been extensively studied in terms of its influence on metabolism, but less attention has been devoted to GLP-2 in this regard. The current study compares the effects of these proglucagon-derived peptides on pancreatic beta-cell function, as well as on glucose tolerance and appetite.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFISG15 increases the apoptosis of β cells in type 1 diabetes.
Cell Signal
January 2025
Department of Endocrinology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410007 Changsha, Hunan, China. Electronic address:
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by hyperglycemia caused by the destruction of insulin-producing β cells. Viral infection is an important environmental factor which is associated with the islet autoimmunity in genetically susceptible individuals. Loss of β-cells and triggering of insulitis following viral infection could result from several non-exclusive mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTargeted deletion of the pancreatic β-cell oxytocin receptor and its effects on metabolic regulation and β-cell health.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
January 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States.
The neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) and its receptor (OXTR) have been shown to play an important role in glucose metabolism, and pancreatic islets express this ligand and receptor. In the current study, OXTR expression was identified in α-, β-, and δ-cells of the pancreatic islet by RNA hybridization, and OXT protein expression was observed only in β-cells. In order to examine the contribution of islet OXT/OXTR in glycemic control and islet β-cell heath, we developed a β-cell specific OXTR knock-out (β-KO) mouse.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessing the impact of intermittent fasting and a low-carbohydrate-high-protein diet on metabolic health and pancreatic histopathology in type 2 diabetic rat model.
Int J Health Sci (Qassim)
January 2025
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Food, Qassim University, 51452 Buraidah, Saudi Arabia.
Objective: The current study was conducted to investigate the effect of intermittent fasting (IF) with a low-carbohydrate-high-protein (LCHP) diet on blood glucose control in streptozotocin (STZ)-nicotinamide-induced type 2 diabetic rats (DR).
Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into six groups ( = 5) including a group of normal rats (NR) that received a control diet (CD) (50% carbohydrates, 17% protein, and 33% fat) with (AL) feeding. The remaining 5 groups were DR injected with STZ and fed on CD or LCHP diet (40% carbohydrates, 30% protein, and 30% fat) for 6 weeks, either AL or IF (with a time-restricted feeding of 16 h followed by 8 h feeding period).
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!