Flannel flags (100 X 200 mm) were tested for fleas collection directly at the entrances of rodents' holes in the steppe region. The method proved to be most effective compared to some other wide-spread techniques. Flannel flags assured the highest number of insects collected during quantitative assessment of fleas' populations. Some insects belonging to other systematic groups can be also collected using the flags. Various number of fleas at the holes' entrances was revealed by this method of collection.
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Microorganisms
February 2023
Department of Molecular Biology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.
The aim of the study was to determine prevalence of -infected ticks in the Black Sea Coast and the Pleven regions of Bulgaria. A total of 350 ticks from different tick species were collected. Two hundred fifty-five ticks were removed from dogs in the Black Sea Coast region, and 95 ticks were collected by flagging vegetation with a white flannel cloth in two areas in the region of Pleven.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Entomol
July 2020
USDA-ARS-SPA Knipling-Bushland U.S. Livestock Insects Research Laboratory, Kerrville, TX.
The potential for reinvasion of the United States by cattle fever ticks, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus and Rhipicephalus microplus (Canestrini), which remain established in Mexico, threatens the viability of the domestic livestock industry because these ticks vector the causal agents (Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina) of bovine babesiosis. The Cattle Fever Tick Eradication Program safeguards the health of the national cattle herd preventing the reemergence of bovine babesiosis by keeping the United States free of cattle fever ticks. Here, the collection of free-living southern cattle tick, R.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Appl Acarol
December 2019
Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA.
Drag sampling and flagging are two of the most effective and widely applied techniques to monitor tick populations. Despite the importance of this sampling strategy, there is a lack of standardized protocols for the construction of an inexpensive tick drag/flag. To this end, we provide a step-by-step protocol that details the construction of a tick drag/flag.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParasit Vectors
June 2012
Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca, 400372, Romania.
Background: Most epidemiological studies on tick-borne pathogens involve collection of ticks from the environment. An efficient collection method is essential for large sample pools. Our main aim was to evaluate the efficacy of a new method, where traditional flagging was enhanced by the use of CO2 dispersed into the white flannel.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTicks Tick Borne Dis
December 2011
Vector-Borne Disease Section, Infectious Diseases Branch, Division of Communicable Disease Control, Center for Infectious Diseases, Richmond, CA 94804, USA.
Risk of exposure to nymphal Ixodes pacificus Cooley and Kohls ticks was investigated at 7 picnic areas in Tilden Regional Park, a heavily used recreation area of over 2000 acres in northwestern California, east of San Francisco Bay. Wooden picnic tables, tree trunks, logs, leaf litter, surrounding vegetation, and rock walls were checked for ticks using standard 1-m(2) flannel tick flags at biweekly intervals from March to August 2008. Results indicate that nymphal I.
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