Rationale: Each year, over 300,000 individuals in the USA enter treatment for cannabis use disorder (CUD). The development of effective pharmacotherapy for CUD is a priority.
Objective: This placebo-controlled study examined the effects of zolpidem alone and in combination with nabilone on cannabis withdrawal and a laboratory measure of relapse.
Methods: Eleven daily, non-treatment-seeking cannabis users completed three, 8-day inpatient phases; each phase tested a different medication condition in counter-balanced order. On the first day of each phase, participants were administered placebo capsules t.i.d. and smoked experimenter-administered active cannabis (5.6 % Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)). On days 2-8, the participants were administered capsules containing either placebo (0 mg at 0900, 1800, and 2300 hours), zolpidem (0 mg at 0900 and 1800, and 12.5 mg at 2300), or zolpidem (12.5 mg at 2300) and nabilone (3 mg at 0900 and 1800). Cannabis withdrawal, subjective capsule effects, and cognitive performance were examined on days 3-4, when only inactive cannabis (0.0 % THC) was available for self-administration. "Relapse" was measured on days 5-8, when participants could self-administer active cannabis.
Results: Both medication conditions decreased withdrawal-related disruptions in sleep, but only zolpidem in combination with nabilone decreased withdrawal-related disruptions in mood and food intake relative to placebo. Zolpidem in combination with nabilone, but not zolpidem alone, decreased self-administration of active cannabis. Zolpidem in combination with nabilone also produced small increases in certain abuse-related subjective capsule ratings, while zolpidem alone did not. Neither medication condition altered cognitive performance.
Conclusions: Clinical testing of nabilone, either alone, or in combination with zolpidem is warranted.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5302052 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-016-4298-6 | DOI Listing |
Bioorg Chem
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. Electronic address:
Gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAR) modulators are crucial in treating neurological and psychiatric disorders, including epilepsy, anxiety, insomnia, and depression. This review examines the synthetic approaches and clinical applications of representative small-molecule GABAR modulators. Benzodiazepines, such as Diazepam, are well-known positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) that enhance GABAR function, providing therapeutic effects but also associated with side effects like sedation and dependence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Acad Consult Liaison Psychiatry
November 2024
Stanford University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, CA; University of Florida, College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Gainesville, FL.
Background: Catatonia is a psychomotor syndrome associated with neurotransmitter disturbances, common in both psychiatric and medical settings. Hypoactivity of the GABA receptor is one of the predominant theories behind the pathophysiology of catatonia, affecting both motor functioning and emotional regulation. Benzodiazepines such as lorazepam are considered the first-line treatment for catatonia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAJOG Glob Rep
November 2024
Northwell, New Hyde Park, NY (Jackson, Kouba, Meirowitz, Keller, Bracero, and Blitz).
Background: Prior studies evaluating the relationship between psychopharmacotherapy (PPT), and postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) have yielded inconsistent findings. Clarifying this potential relationship is important for effective counseling and risk stratification.
Objectives: Our primary objective was to evaluate the association between prenatal exposure to PPT (any drug class) and the occurrence of PPH requiring transfusion of packed red blood cells (PPH+pRBC) after systematically adjusting for known hemorrhage risk factors at the time of admission for delivery.
Medicine (Baltimore)
November 2024
Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Rationale: Zolpidem, a non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic, is considered safer for the treatment of insomnia compared to benzodiazepines. However, in recent years, there have been growing reports of Zolpidem dependence, addiction, and withdrawal symptoms. We reported a case of Zolpidem addiction and successful detoxification, reviewed similar cases in the literature, and proposed a potential mechanism underlying Zolpidem addiction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Intern Med
December 2024
Geriatric, Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California.
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!