Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati Fetal Center, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Published: June 2016
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Objective: The purpose is to describe fetal MR and US findings of congenital overinflation (CO) and to correlate with postnatal outcome.
Methods: Two radiologists reviewed fetal MR and US images in 25 fetuses diagnosed with CO. Lesion size, appearance, location, and presence of hydrops were documented. Chart review was performed for pregnancy outcome, postnatal imaging, interventions, histopathology, and clinical outcome.
Results: All lesions demonstrated primarily homogeneous increased echogenicity and MR signal with absent pulmonary vascular distortion. A tubular cystic hilar structure was consistent with a dilated bronchus (68% MR, 25% US). The right lower (32%) and left lower (23%) lobes were most commonly involved. Two cases with central bronchial obstruction resulted in perinatal demise. Of 23 live births, 17 were asymptomatic, 1 symptomatic, and 5 lost to follow-up. Postnatal CT was performed in 17 of 18 patients confirming CO. Histopathology in nine patients revealed bronchial anomalies with hyperinflated (n = 7) or polyalveolar lung (n = 2). Nine patients were observed and remained asymptomatic.
From San Lucas Diagnóstico, 25 de Mayo 1941, 3300, Posadas, Argentina (M.M.N.); Department of Radiology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina (G.D.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX (C.S.R.); Departments of Radiology (R.K., N.R., D.V.) and Pathology (N.S.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO; and Department of Radiology, Hospital San Juan de Dios, HT Médica, Córdoba, Spain (J.B.).
Congenital lung anomaly (CLA) refers to a rare group of malformations that are typically identified prenatally or in early childhood. However, a significant proportion of cases evade detection until adulthood and either are incidentally discovered or manifest with symptoms of recurrent respiratory infection or pulmonary hemorrhage. While most CLAs have characteristic imaging findings at CT and MRI, they remain a diagnostic challenge due to the infrequency with which they are encountered in adults.
Background: Congenital pulmonary airway malformations (CPAM) are a spectrum of cystic and non-cystic anomalies arising from abnormal airway development in utero, with an incidence of 1 in 25,000 to 35,000 births. CPAM can present prenatally or postnatally with respiratory distress, recurrent infections, or occasionally as an incidental finding. This case series aims to highlight the clinical, radiological, and histopathological characteristics of CPAM through three pediatric cases, which include types 1, 2, and 3 CPAM.
Department of Surgery, Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada.
The presence of comorbidities (CM) in congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) has been previously described with varying rates. However, the clinical implication of CM on the clinical presentation and patient outcome in CLE is unclear. This was a retrospective cohort study between 2000 and 2022 in a single institution.
