Comparative Impact of Hypoglycemic Agents on Severity and Extent of Myocardial Ischemia in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Undergoing Myocardial Perfusion Scintigraphy.

Background: Hypoglycemic agents differ in mechanism, efficacy, and profile. However, there is uncertainty on their impact on myocardial perfusion. We thus aimed to investigate whether individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with different drug classes exhibit different perfusion patterns at myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS).

Methods And Results: We queried our administrative database for patients with diabetes mellitus without prior or recent myocardial infarction. The primary objective was to compare the severity and extent of ischemia at MPS, distinguishing patients according to management strategy. A total of 7592 patients were included [2336 (31%) on diet, 3611 (48%) on metformin, 749 (10%) on sulfonylureas, 449 (6%) on metformin plus sulfonylureas, 447 (6%) on metformin plus insulin]. Unadjusted analyses and analyses adjusting for baseline features suggested that sulfonylureas alone or in combination were associated with more severe ischemia than nonsulfonylurea regimens (P < 0.05), whereas combination regimens including metformin were associated with more extensive myocardial ischemia than the other regimens (P < 0.05 for both). However, no significant difference disfavoring either metformin or sulfonylurea regimens persisted after multivariable adjustment for baseline, stress, and angiographic characteristics (all P > 0.05).

Conclusion: Several significant differences in baseline, stress, and scintigraphic features appear evident in patients with diabetes mellitus receiving different hypoglycemic agents or regimens.