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Fungal disease incidence along tree diversity gradients depends on latitude in European forests. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • European forests are facing threats from fungal pathogens, impacting tree species diversity and overall forest health.
  • A study analyzed foliar fungal disease on 16 tree species from various European forest types, comparing monoculture and mixed-species plots across six countries.
  • Results indicated that higher tree species diversity generally reduced disease incidence, particularly in northern latitudes, but effects varied by tree type, showing increased susceptibility in conifers and no significant patterns in broadleaved trees.

Article Abstract

European forests host a diversity of tree species that are increasingly threatened by fungal pathogens, which may have cascading consequences for forest ecosystems and their functioning. Previous experimental studies suggest that foliar and root pathogen abundance and disease severity decrease with increasing tree species diversity, but evidences from natural forests are rare. Here, we tested whether foliar fungal disease incidence was negatively affected by tree species diversity in different forest types across Europe. We measured the foliar fungal disease incidence on 16 different tree species in 209 plots in six European countries, representing a forest-type gradient from the Mediterranean to boreal forests. Forest plots of single species (monoculture plots) and those with different combinations of two to five tree species (mixed species plots) were compared. Specifically, we analyzed the influence of tree species richness, functional type (conifer vs. broadleaved) and phylogenetic diversity on overall fungal disease incidence. The effect of tree species richness on disease incidence varied with latitude and functional type. Disease incidence tended to increase with tree diversity, in particular in northern latitudes. Disease incidence decreased with tree species richness in conifers, but not in broadleaved trees. However, for specific damage symptoms, no tree species richness effects were observed. Although the patterns were weak, susceptibility of forests to disease appears to depend on the forest site and tree type.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4788975PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2056DOI Listing

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