An efficient transformation of 2-(5-hydroxy-1-pentynyl)benzonitriles 5 to furanonaphthoquinones 11 is presented. Treatment of 5 with 1.5 equiv of NaOMe in DMSO at 140 °C for 0.5 h gave 6 in good yields. Conversion of 6 to 11 was carried out by oxidation of 6 with Fremy's salt and KH2PO4 in acetone and water, followed by dehydrogenation using palladium on charcoal in diphenylether at reflux temperature.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.5b02514 | DOI Listing |
Org Lett
November 2024
Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States.
We describe a practical method for the synthesis of various substituted -alkyl-1,3-dihydro-2,1-benzisoxazoles and their 2,1-benzisoxazolone precursors starting from readily available methyl 2-nitrobenzoates. The method entails partial nitro reduction with hydrazine and rhodium on carbon to give the hydroxylamines, followed by base-mediated cyclization to give the corresponding benzisoxazol-3(1)-ones. Subsequent alkylation is conducted under basic conditions and is followed by reduction to the target 1,3-dihydrobenzisoxazoles, achieved with lithium aluminum hydride in the presence of trimethylsilyl chloride.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Chem Chem Phys
September 2024
Department of Organic Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran.
DFT calculations are used to disclose the mechanism of Brønsted base-mediated cyclization of (2-alkynylbenzyl)oxy nitriles for the synthesis of benzofuroazepines. In 2015, the synthesis of substituted benzofuroazepines was reported by Zeni a stepwise mechanism known as 7-. However, DFT calculations revealed that the anionic aza 8π-electrocyclization is more favorable than the proposed 7- mechanism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Org Chem
September 2024
Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education; Jiangxi Provincal Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, PR China.
Divergent synthesis of structurally different products from the same kinds of starting materials is highly synthetically useful but very challenging. Herein, we reported a base-mediated chemodivergent [4 + 1] and [2 + 1] cycloaddition of -alkylpyridinium and enone under mild conditions, leading to furan-fused bicycles with high diastereoselectivity and spirobicycles, respectively, from moderate to high yields. -Alkylpyridinium salts were modular nucleophilic transfer reagents and C1 synthons, which underwent tandem Michael addition to the α,β-unsaturated ketones and cyclization under the base conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrg Lett
September 2024
State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, P. R. China.
A base-mediated regioselective [3 + 3] annulation of alkylidene malononitriles with trifluoromethyl alkenes was described. The reaction proceeds through sequential intermolecular S2' and intramolecular SV-type cyclization by cleaving dual C-F bonds in a trifluoromethyl group, which discriminate multiple carbon-nucleophilic sites using a single base. Various bicycles bearing a monofluorocyclohexene motif were assembled from readily available starting materials under mild conditions via a one-pot cascade approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
September 2024
Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany.
It was recognized only recently that the sister norcembranoids scabrolides A and B have notably different carbotricyclic scaffolds. Therefore, our synthesis route leading to scabrolide A could not be extended to its sibling. Rather, a conceptually new approach had to be devised that relied on a challenging intramolecular alkenylation of a ketone to forge the congested central cycloheptene ring at the bridgehead enone site; the required cyclization precursor was attained by a lanthanide-catalyzed Mukaiyama-Michael addition.
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