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Dependence of corneal keratocyte adhesion, spreading, and integrin β1 expression on deacetylated chitosan coating. | LitMetric

Dependence of corneal keratocyte adhesion, spreading, and integrin β1 expression on deacetylated chitosan coating.

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl

Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, ROC.

Published: June 2016

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study investigates how different levels of deacetylation (DD) in chitosan coatings influence the adhesion and behavior of corneal keratocytes, crucial cells for maintaining corneal health.
  • It was found that higher DD values improve the mechanical stability and crystallinity of the chitosan, leading to better cell attachment and spreading due to the increased presence of amino groups.
  • Notably, keratocytes on coatings with lower DD displayed altered shapes, and integrin β1 gene expression was enhanced at higher DD, indicating smoother cell-substrate interaction essential for corneal healing.

Article Abstract

This study reports, for the first time, the regulation of corneal keratocyte adhesion, spreading, morphology, and integrin gene expression on chitosan coating due to the effects of deacetylation. The degree of deacetylation (DD) in chitosan materials was confirmed by elemental analysis, gel permeation chromatography, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In this study, chitosan samples with the same molecular weight level but varying DD (74.1 ± 0.5%, 84.4 ± 0.7%, and 94.2 ± 0.5%) were obtained by heat-alkaline treatment under a nitrogen atmosphere. For higher DD groups, the biopolymer carried abundant amino groups since the deacetylation process removed larger amount of acetyl groups from the chitosan molecules. Results showed that the mechanical stability and crystallinity of the chitosan coatings significantly increased with increasing DD value. Fibronectin adsorption, keratocyte adhesion, and cell spreading exhibited a positive correlation with DD due to the chemical functionality of polysaccharides (bearing acetyl and amino groups) and increase of substrate stiffness and crystallinity. In particular, when adhered to chitosan coatings with a DD value of 74.1%, the keratocytes appeared to be fibroblastic, elongated, and spindle shape, indicating a loss of their characteristic dendritic morphology. Furthermore, the gene expression of integrin β1 (i.e., a cell-matrix adhesion molecule) was significantly up-regulated on the chitosan coatings with higher DD, which supports favorable attachment of corneal keratocytes. Our findings suggest that DD-mediated physicochemical properties of chitosan coatings greatly affect cell-substrate crosstalk during corneal keratocyte cultivation.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2016.02.069DOI Listing

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