Neonatal nasal obstruction is a well-known clinical entity. Fortunately, it is rarely life-threatening and usually resolves with conservative management. As with most conditions, a systematic history and thorough physical examination are crucial for correct diagnosis and management. The initial diagnosis may be elusive and require either serial or more in-depth evaluations. Occasionally, examination may reveal structural abnormalities necessitating surgical intervention. Fortunately most of these abnormalities are amenable to surgery; however, a select few are notoriously difficult to treat.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.siny.2016.03.007 | DOI Listing |
Eur J Pediatr
January 2025
Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London, UK.
Unlabelled: Infants requiring interhospital transfer for a higher level of care in the neonatal period are at increased risk of adverse outcomes. Optimising respiratory management is an important priority. The aim of this survey was to investigate current respiratory support strategies in neonatal transport and identify opportunities for the optimisation of clinical care and future research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Rhinol
November 2024
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Background And Objectives: Congenital choanal atresia is a rare condition that occurs in approximately 1 in 7,000 to 8,000 live births and involves the obstruction of the posterior nasal airway. It may present as either unilateral or bilateral, with bilateral cases being more severe due to the risk of immediate neonatal respiratory distress. Bilateral congenital choanal atresia (BCCA) necessitates prompt medical intervention to prevent cyanosis and significant breathing difficulties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCase Rep Med
December 2024
Operative Unit of Neonatology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
Congenital arhinia and hyporhinia are rare facial anomalies whose knowledge usually comes from case reports. The severity of each case described in literature is variable; it also depends on associated malformations too. Since the newborns are obligate nasal breathers, babies with arhinia or hyporhinia usually have respiratory distress and need airway stabilization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Pediatr
December 2024
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Woman's and Child's Health, University Hospital of Padova, Padua, Italy.
Unlabelled: The use of High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) in children with bronchiolitis is globally increased in the last decade, despite the lack of evidence-based and universal guidelines to standardize their application in the clinical practice. In this systematic review, we aimed to analyse the completeness of previous studies on HFNC interventions in children with bronchiolitis using an adapted Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and cohort studies on children younger than 2 years old with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis were included.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Pulmonol
December 2024
Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Milan, Italy.
Introduction: Low-flow oxygen therapy (LFOT) has been the only option for infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) requiring supplemental oxygen after discharge for years. Nasal high-flow therapy (NHFT) has more recently become available as a home device. We compared the impact of NHFT and LFOT on respiratory morbidity and lung function over the first 4 years in infants with BPD requiring respiratory support post-discharge.
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