A new transfer mechanism is considered in which two different ionic species of the same charge can be transferred across a soft interface while they interconvert with each other in the original phase through a homogeneous chemical reaction: the aqueous complexation-dissociation coupled to transfer (ACDT) mechanism. This can correspond to a free ion in aqueous solution in the presence of a neutral ligand that complexes it leading to a species that can be more or less lipophilic than the free ion. As a result, the transfer to the organic phase can be facilitated or hindered by the aqueous-phase chemical reaction. Rigorous and approximate explicit analytical solutions are derived for the study of the above mechanism via normal pulse voltammetry, derivative voltammetry and chronoamperometry at macrointerfaces. The solutions enable us to examine the process whatever the species' lipophilicity and diffusivity in each medium and the kinetics and thermodynamics of the chemical reaction in solution. Moreover, when the chemical reaction is at equilibrium, explicit expressions for cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry are obtained. With this set of equations, the influence of different physicochemical phenomena on the voltammetric response is studied as well as the most suitable strategies to characterize them.
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Nano Lett
December 2024
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are fluorescent materials that have been developed as sensors for measuring the activities of enzymes. However, most sensors to date rely on end-point measurement and empirical functions to correlate enzyme concentrations with fluorescence responses. Less emphasis is put on analyzing time-dependent fluorescence responses and their connections with enzymatic kinetics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Biosci (Landmark Ed)
December 2024
Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia.
Background: There is a growing interest in exploring the biological characteristics of nanoparticles and exploring their potential applications. However, there is still a lack of research into the potential genotoxicity of fullerene derivatives and their impact on gene expression in human cells. In this study, we investigated the effects of a water-soluble fullerene derivative, C60[C6H4SCH2COOK]5H (F1), on human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HELF).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJACS Au
December 2024
Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
The significance of the nonoxidative dehydrogenation of middle-chain alkanes into corresponding alkenes is increasing in the context of the world's declining demands on transportation fuels and the growing demand for chemicals and materials. The middle-chain alkenes derived from the dehydrogenation reaction can be transformed into value-added chemicals in downstream processes. Due to the presence of multiple potential reaction sites, the reaction mechanism of the dehydrogenation of middle-chain alkanes is more complicated than that in the dehydrogenation of light alkanes, and there are few prior studies on elucidating their detailed structure-reactivity relationship.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJACS Au
December 2024
SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States.
Establishing energy correlations among different metals can accelerate the discovery of efficient and cost-effective catalysts for complex reactions. Using a recently introduced coordination-based model, we can predict site-specific metal binding energies (Δ ) that can be used as a descriptor for chemical reactions. In this study, we have examined a range of metals including Ag, Au, Co, Cu, Ir, Ni, Os, Pd, Pt, Rh, and Ru and found linear correlations between predicted Δ and adsorption energies of CH and O (Δ and Δ ) at various coordination environments for all the considered metals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJACS Au
December 2024
Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
Four new macrolides, spirosnuolides A-D (-, respectively), were discovered from the termite nest-derived sp. INHA29. Spirosnuolides A-D are 18-membered macrolides sharing an embedded [6,6]-spiroketal functionality inside the macrocycle and are conjugated with structurally uncommon side chains featuring cyclopentenone, 1,4-benzoquinone, hydroxyfuroic acid, or butenolide moieties.
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