Mucosal epithelial cells express an autonomous innate immune response that controls the overgrowth of invaded bacteria, mitigates the harmful effects of the bacteria carried within, and does not rely on other external arms of the immune response. Epithelial cell autonomous innate immunity "respects" the social biology of invading bacteria to achieve symbiosis, and is the primary protective mechanism against pathogens.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2016.03.008 | DOI Listing |
Sci Transl Med
January 2025
Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91052 Erlangen, Germany.
Dysregulation at the intestinal epithelial barrier is a driver of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the molecular mechanisms of barrier failure are not well understood. Here, we demonstrate dysregulated mitochondrial fusion in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) of patients with IBD and show that impaired fusion is sufficient to drive chronic intestinal inflammation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunol Res
January 2025
Department of Otolaryngology, Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266033, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
Baicalein, one of the major active flavonoids found in Scutellaria baicalensis, has been revealed to exhibit potent anti-inflammatory properties in allergic airway inflammation. This study aimed to explore the role of baicalein and its relevant mechanism in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR). The bioinformatics tools were used to predict the targets of baicalein and AR-related genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Pharm Sin B
December 2024
The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
Irinotecan (CPT11) chemotherapy-induced diarrhea affects a substantial cancer population due to -glucuronidase (Gus) converting 10--glucuronyl-7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38G) to toxic 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38). Existing interventions primarily address inflammation and Gus enzyme inhibition, neglecting epithelial repair and Gus-expressing bacteria. Herein, we discovered that dehydrodiisoeugenol (DDIE), isolated from nutmeg, alleviates CPT11-induced intestinal mucositis alongside a synergistic antitumor effect with CPT11 by improving weight loss, colon shortening, epithelial barrier dysfunction, goblet cells and intestinal stem cells (ISCs) loss, and wound-healing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi
December 2024
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 311400, China.
To explore the mechanism by which vinegar-processed Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix regulates gut microbiota and reduces intestinal toxicity, this study aimed to identify key microbial communities related to vinegar-induced detoxification and verify their functions. Using a derivatization method, the study measured the content of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs) in feces before and after vinegar-processing of Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix. Combined with the results of previous gut microbiota sequencing, correlation analysis was used to identify key microbial communities related to SCFAs content.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcotoxicol Environ Saf
January 2025
Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China; Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China. Electronic address:
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are pervasive organic chemicals with significant environmental and ecological ramifications, extending to adverse human health effects due to their toxicity and persistence. The intestinal mucosal barrier, a sophisticated defense mechanism comprising the epithelial layer, mucosal chemistry, and cellular immunity, shields the host from external threats and fosters a symbiotic relationship with intestinal bacteria. Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), a sirtuin family member, is pivotal in genome and telomere stability, inflammation regulation, and metabolic processes.
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