AI Article Synopsis
- Telomeres are protective structures at the ends of chromosomes that maintain stability, but they shorten with age and environmental impacts, leading to potential cellular dysfunction.
- In pregnancies with fetal growth restriction due to placental insufficiency, there is evidence of telomere dysfunction characterized by shorter telomeres and decreased telomerase, which relate to signs of cellular aging in placental cells (trophoblasts).
- Understanding how telomere homeostasis affects trophoblasts in cases of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) may lead to new treatment strategies for affected pregnancies.
Article Abstract
Telomeres are nucleoprotein structures located at the termini of chromosomes. They are essential for chromosome stability. Telomeres become shorter due to mitotic cycles and environmental factors. When telomeres are shortened and therefore dysfunctional, cellular senescence occurs and organ dysfunction might develop. During pregnancy, fetal growth restriction secondary to placental insufficiency has been linked to impaired telomere homeostasis in which telomeres are shorter, telomerase is decreased, and compensatory mechanisms of telomere capture are enhanced. These characteristics, along with increased signs of senescence, indicate telomere dysfunction in trophoblasts from placentas affected by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). This review summarizes the information currently available regarding telomere homeostasis in trophoblasts from human pregnancies affected by IUGR. Improved understanding of placental physiology might help in the development of treatment options for fetuses with IUGR.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2015.11.006 | DOI Listing |
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