AI Article Synopsis
- The study evaluates changes in average disability levels among older Americans over nearly 20 years, observing the effects of mortality on the living cohort.
- Data from the AHEAD cohort (1993-2010) shows that as individuals age, the average disability in the surviving group increases gradually, while those who pass away experience a sharp rise in disability near the end of life.
- Findings suggest that individuals who survive longer tend to have lower average disability and experience slower increases in disability, indicating improved health and resilience among very old individuals.
Article Abstract
Objectives: We study changes in average disability over nearly two decades for a large epidemiological cohort of older Americans. As some people exit by mortality, do average disability levels for the living cohort rise rapidly, rise gradually, stay steady, or decline?
Method: Data are from the Study of Asset and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old (AHEAD) cohort for 1993-2010. Cohort members are aged 70+ in 1993 (mean = 77.5 years), and the survivors are aged 87+ in 2010 (mean = 90.2 years). Personal care disability (activities of daily living), household management disability (instrumental activities of daily living), and physical limitations are studied. We study average disability for the living cohort over time and the disability histories for decedent and survivor groups.
Results: Average disability rises gradually over time for the living cohort. Earlier decedent groups have higher average disability than later ones. Near death, disability rises sharply for all decedent groups. Longer surviving groups have less average disability, and slower disability increases, than shorter surviving groups. All results are repeated for younger cohort members (baseline age = 70-79 years), older ones (baseline age = 80+ years), women, and men.
Discussion: As a cohort ages, average disability among living members increases gradually, signaling behavioral, psychological, and biological fitness in very old persons.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5156489 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbw002 | DOI Listing |
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