The diagnosis of ADHD is based on behavioral criteria, which allow for subjective variability and invite criticism regarding the reality of the disorder. In this situation, more objective criteria would be desirable. We review the scientific literature for diagnostic tests based on event-related potentials (ERPs). Seven studies met the inclusion criteria of reporting the sensitivity and specificity of an ERP-based classifier discriminating participants with ADHD from healthy controls. Study quality was rated using the second version of the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) system. Overall, study quality was acceptable. The largest biases were lack of representativeness and overfitting. Sensitivities and specificities ranged from 57% to 96%, and 63% to 92%, respectively. However, no two studies used the same diagnostic test. There is a serious lack of coordination in worldwide efforts to find more objective ERP-based criteria for the diagnosis of ADHD. Concerted action is needed.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054716631821 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
Loud noise exposure is one of the leading causes of permanent hearing loss. Individuals with noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) suffer from speech comprehension deficits and experience impairments to cognitive functions such as attention and decision-making. Here, we investigate the specific underlying cognitive processes during auditory perceptual decision-making that are impacted by NIHL.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoc Neurosci
January 2025
School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
The chicken game, a well-established social dilemma paradigm, is widely used to study cooperative and competitive behaviors. Strategic decision-making in this game is influenced by the outcomes of cooperative and competitive interactions, with feedback-related event-related potentials (ERPs) during the feedback phase being a primary research focus. However, it remains unclear whether specific ERP components associated with strategic decision-making are present during the response phase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Exp Optom
January 2025
Department of Optometry, School of Paramedical and Rehabilitation Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Clinical Relevance: The vestibular-ocular reflex stabilises the retinal image and maintains balance during head movement. Astigmatism is one of the common refractive errors that can reduce the quality of visual inputs.
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of induced astigmatism on the function of the vestibular-ocular reflex.
Front Neurol
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
Introduction: Neonatal seizures are the most common clinical manifestation of neurological dysfunction in newborns, with an incidence ranging from 1 to 5‰. However, the therapeutic efficacy of current pharmacological treatments remains suboptimal. This study aims to utilize genetically modified hamsters with hypertriglyceridaemia (HTG) to investigate the effects of elevated triglycerides on neuronal excitability and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Kinesiology, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada.
Previous research on resting muscles has shown that inter-pulse interval (IPI) duration influences transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) responses, which can introduce serious confounding variables into investigations if not accounted for. However, it is far less clear how IPI influences TMS responses in active muscles. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between IPI and corticospinal excitability during submaximal isometric elbow flexion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!