We undertook a structural and functional study of blood cell mitochondria in 25 patients with controlled mild bronchial asthma (BA) including evaluation of blood saturation with oxygen, carboxyhemoglobin level in blood and carbon monoxide content in the exhaled air. Membrane potential of leukocyte mitochondria was determined based on the results of flow cytofluorimetry and fatty acid (FA) composition in platelet mitochondrial membranes measured by GLC. It was shown that the absence of clinical symptoms of BA during remission was associated with a reduction of membrane potential and a change of FA composition resulting in the depletion of the basal pool of saturated (12:0, 14:0, 18:0) and polyunsaturated (20:4n-6, 20:5n-3, 22:5n-3, 22:4n-6) FA. These changes in the structural and functional state of blood cell mitochondria in patients with BA are signs of disordered energy-producing activity, membrane permeability and transmembrane transport suggesting the development of mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular hypoxia. A deeper insight into the role of the structural and functional state of blood cell mitochondria in the formation of respiratory disorders will facilitate early detection of the risk and complications of bronchial obstruction.
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