AI Article Synopsis
- 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (zidovudine) effectively combats HIV infection both in lab tests and in real-life cases.
- It works by inhibiting viral reverse transcriptase after undergoing three phosphorylation steps inside the cell, with a half-life of about one hour and 65% oral bioavailability.
- Clinical studies show that it can improve survival rates in stage IV AIDS patients, particularly after a PCP episode, and ongoing evaluations are focused on adjusting dosages, combining with other treatments, and early-stage interventions.
Article Abstract
3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine is a thymidine analogue with an in vitro as well as in vivo efficacy towards HIV-mediated infection. Zidovudine exerts its action, following an intracellular three-step phosphorylation, through viral reverse transcriptase inhibition. Its half-life is approximately one hour. Oral biodisponibility is 65%, and passage through blood-brain barrier results in therapeutic levels is CSF. Clinical evaluation has enabled demonstration of a beneficial effect on survival of stage IV AIDS patients, when treated after a PCP episode. In this setting, aggregate survival ratios reach 73% after one year of follow-up, and 41% after 2 years. In addition, zidovudine activity has been demonstrated in treatment of HIV-induced thrombopenias as well as HIV-related central nervous system disorders. Presently, zidovudine therapeutic evaluation proceeds through the following main axes: dosage tuning (either by lowering of standard dose, and/or dose interval modification); combination with other antiviral therapies; lastly, patient treatment et an early stage of disease.
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