AI Article Synopsis

  • - Rules help guide decisions and strategies through cue-action-outcome associations, with specific brain regions like the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) being important for learning these rules.
  • - The study used imaging techniques to track OFC connections to dmPFC while participants learned rules during a multiple choice foraging task, applying a reinforcement learning model to analyze decision-making strategies.
  • - Findings indicated that learning rules enhances the plasticity of OFC connections, with strong connections linked to rule exploitation, while a loss of these connections relates to exploration behaviors and aligns with the magnitude of prediction errors experienced.

Article Abstract

Rules encompass cue-action-outcome associations used to guide decisions and strategies in a specific context. Subregions of the frontal cortex including the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) are implicated in rule learning, although changes in structural connectivity underlying rule learning are poorly understood. We imaged OFC axonal projections to dmPFC during training in a multiple choice foraging task and used a reinforcement learning model to quantify explore-exploit strategy use and prediction error magnitude. Here we show that rule training, but not experience of reward alone, enhances OFC bouton plasticity. Baseline bouton density and gains during training correlate with rule exploitation, while bouton loss correlates with exploration and scales with the magnitude of experienced prediction errors. We conclude that rule learning sculpts frontal cortex interconnectivity and adjusts a thermostat for the explore-exploit balance.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4786641PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10785DOI Listing

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