Every five years a series of studies is carried out by the Census Bureau which provides an opportunity to review the basic economic well-being of the many industries at the national, state and county levels. A comparison of dental economic data from the 2007 and 2012 studies for the period that encompassed the 2007-2009 "Great Recession" details the general economic difficulties faced by the dental profession during this period.
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J Am Med Inform Assoc
January 2025
Coordinating Center, Observational Health Data Science and Informatics, New York City, NY 10032, United States.
Objective: Propose a framework to empirically evaluate and report validity of findings from observational studies using pre-specified objective diagnostics, increasing trust in real-world evidence (RWE).
Materials And Methods: The framework employs objective diagnostic measures to assess the appropriateness of study designs, analytic assumptions, and threats to validity in generating reliable evidence addressing causal questions. Diagnostic evaluations should be interpreted before the unblinding of study results or, alternatively, only unblind results from analyses that pass pre-specified thresholds.
BMC Geriatr
January 2025
James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, New York, USA.
Background: Older adults with cancer are vulnerable to declines in muscle performance (e.g., strength, speed, duration of muscular contraction), which are associated with worse cancer-related outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAAPS J
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, 160 Hayes Rd, Buffalo, New York, 14214, USA.
The study quantitatively analyzes and compares the pharmacokinetics (PK) of methylprednisolone (MPL) in humans upon administration of various dosage forms. The PK parameters and profiles of MPL in healthy subjects were collected from 22 literature sources. A minimal physiologically based pharmacokinetic (mPBPK) model consisting of blood and two tissue (lumped liver and kidney, remainder) compartments with nonlinear tissue partitioning was applied to describe MPL disposition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Immunol
January 2025
Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Hematopoietic stem cells must mitigate myriad stressors throughout their lifetime to ensure normal blood cell generation. Here, we uncover unfolded protein response stress sensor inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α) signaling in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) as a safeguard against myeloid leukemogenesis. Activated in part by an NADPH oxidase-2 mechanism, IRE1α-induced X-box binding protein-1 (XBP1) mediated repression of pro-leukemogenic programs exemplified by the Wnt-β-catenin pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Gen Intern Med
January 2025
MD/PhD Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Background: Diversity in the physician workforce is critical for quality patient care. Students from low-income backgrounds represent an increasing proportion of medical school matriculants, yet little research has addressed their medical school experiences.
Objective: To explore the medical school experiences of students from low-income backgrounds using a modified version of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs (physiologic, safety, love/belonging, esteem, and self-actualization) as a theoretical framework.
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