The ITER baseline foresees 2 Heating Neutral Beams (HNB's) based on 1 MeV 40 A D(-) negative ion accelerators, each capable of delivering 16.7 MW of deuterium atoms to the DT plasma, with an optional 3rd HNB injector foreseen as a possible upgrade. In addition, a dedicated diagnostic neutral beam will be injecting ≈22 A of H(0) at 100 keV as the probe beam for charge exchange recombination spectroscopy. The integration of the injectors into the ITER plant is nearly finished necessitating only refinements. A large number of components have passed the final design stage, manufacturing has started, and the essential test beds-for the prototype route chosen-will soon be ready to start.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4931802 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
January 2025
IBM Research, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
For optimizing production yield while limiting negative environmental impact, sustainable agriculture benefits from real-time, on-the-spot chemical analysis of soil at low cost. Colorimetric paper sensors are ideal candidates, however, their automated readout and analysis in the field is needed. Using mobile technology for paper sensor readout could, in principle, enable the application of machine-learning models for transforming colorimetric data into threshold-based classes that represent chemical concentration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
The oxidation states of vanadium determine its mobility and toxicity, and dissimilatory vanadate reduction has been reported in several microorganisms, highlighting the potential significance of this pathway in the remediation of vanadium contamination and the biogeochemical cycle. However, to date, most known microorganisms capable of reducing vanadate are Gram-negative respiratory bacteria belonging to the phylum Proteobacteria. In this study, we isolated Tepidibacter mesophilus strain VROV1 from deep-sea sediments on the northern Central Indian Ridge and investigated its ability to reduce vanadium and the impact of vanadate on its cellular metabolism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLangmuir
January 2025
ESYCOM, CNRS-UMR 9007, Université Gustave Eiffel, F-77454 Marne-la-Vallée, France.
This study investigates the synthesis, characterization, and functional properties of well-aligned zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires (NWs) obtained by a two-step hydrothermal method. ZnO NWs were grown on silicon substrates precoated with a ZnO seed layer. The growth process was conducted at 90 °C for different durations (2, 3, and 4 h) to examine the time-dependent evolution of the nanowire properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLuminescence
January 2025
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
Tetrachlorobisphenol A (TCBPA) is a kind of fire retardant extensively used in our life, but it can accumulate in organisms and potentially have toxic effects. Transferrin (TF) is a glycoprotein predominantly present in the blood plasma, serving as an essential mediator for the transportation of iron and other small molecules. In our study, various techniques including multi-spectroscopic and molecular docking were employed to examine the interaction between TCBPA and TF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Phys
January 2025
Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Thiazole derivatives are biologically relevant molecules, used also in pharmaceutical applications. Herein, we report results for electron attachment to 2-bromo-5-nitrothiazole (BNT) in the gas phase. Employing two crossed electron-molecule beam experiments, we determined the efficiency curves of various fragment anions as a function of the initial electron energy between about 0 and 10 eV as well as the emission angle and kinetic energy distributions of Br- and NO2- ions formed from a resonance near 4 eV.
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