Objective: To demonstrate the effectiveness of a Diabetes Prevention Program-inspired 12-month behavioral intervention for patients with severe mental illness (SMI) and medication-associated obesity.
Method: This randomized, controlled, parallel, superiority study screened 225 volunteers from November 2005 to August 2008 at the VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System. 122 outpatients with DSM-IV-diagnosed SMI taking antipsychotic medications who had ≥ 7% weight gain or body mass index (BMI) > 25 were randomized by computer-generated number to Lifestyle Balance treatment intervention (n = 60) or usual care control (n = 62) groups. Clinical raters were masked to randomization. Treatment intervention included weekly classes and individual counseling for 8 weeks, food and exercise diaries, rewards, caregiver consultations, and monthly booster classes and counseling for 1 year. Controls received self-help materials and visited at equivalent intervals without formal classes or counseling. Outcomes were changes in anthropometric measurements, psychiatric symptoms, health knowledge, and glucose, hemoglobin A1c, and lipid levels.
Results: Our intention-to-treat analysis found significant differences in predicted trajectory of mean weight change between the groups over 12 months (P < .01), with treatment participants expected to lose an average 4.6 kg, while control participants would gain an average 0.6 kg. BMI and body fat percentage followed the same pattern. Both groups demonstrated statistically significant improvements in health knowledge quiz scores over time (P = .006), without significant difference between groups.
Conclusions: Treatment was more effective than usual care control in treating medication-associated obesity, independent of SMI diagnosis, antipsychotic medication, and knowledge gained, suggesting that behavioral interventions are effective in SMI patients.
Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00344500.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4088/JCP.14m09552 | DOI Listing |
Internet Interv
December 2024
Center for Community Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, United States of America.
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Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
Background: Smoking prevalence among U.S. adults experiencing homelessness is ≥70 %.
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December 2024
Department of Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States.
Introduction: The maternal mortality crisis in the United States disproportionately affects women who are Black, especially those living in the Gulf South. These disparities result from a confluence of healthcare, policy, and social factors that systematically place Black women at greater risk of maternal morbidities and mortality. This study protocol describes the Southern Center for Maternal Health Equity (SCMHE), a research center funded by the National Institutes of Health in 2023 to reduce preventable causes of maternal morbidity and mortality while improving health equity.
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December 2024
The Autism Center, Department of Pediatrics, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Zerifin, Israel.
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Front Aging Neurosci
December 2024
CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Neuroscience Axis, Québec City, QC, Canada.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to motor and non-motor symptoms. While motor symptoms such as rigidity, tremor, bradykinesia/akinesia, and postural instability are well-recognized, non-motor symptoms including cognitive decline, depression, and anxiety also significantly impact patients' quality of life. Preclinical research utilizing animal models has been instrumental in understanding PD pathophysiology and exploring therapeutic interventions.
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