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Understanding the Molecular Mechanism of Anesthesia: Effect of General Anesthetics and Structurally Similar Non-Anesthetics on the Properties of Lipid Membranes.
J Phys Chem B
July 2023
Department of Chemistry, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, Leányka utca 6, H-3300 Eger, Hungary.
Article Synopsis
- General anesthesia can be triggered by different chemical molecules, and this study explores why some structurally similar substances do not cause anesthesia at all.
- The research utilizes molecular dynamics simulations to examine how anesthetics like diethyl ether and chloroform, as well as non-anesthetics like pentane and carbon tetrachloride, interact with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) membranes under various pressures.
- Findings suggest that anesthetics are more likely to occupy specific regions of the membrane, leading to changes in the density and mobility of lipid molecules, which may be linked to the anesthetic effect; these changes are reversed when pressure is increased.
Mechanisms underlying neonate-specific metabolic effects of volatile anesthetics.
Elife
July 2021
Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States.
Article Synopsis
- Volatile anesthetics (VAs) are commonly used in medical settings, but their exact mechanisms and potential impacts, particularly on neonatal brain development, are not fully understood.
- In neonatal mice, VAs quickly deplete a key metabolic compound, β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB), at lower concentrations than needed for anesthesia, while adults show no such depletion.
- The depletion of β-HB in neonates is linked to metabolic processes involving citrate accumulation and changes in fatty acid metabolism, highlighting significant differences in metabolic responses between neonates and adults.
Isoflurane prevents acquired epilepsy in rat models of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Ann Neurol
December 2016
Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
Objective: Acquired epilepsy is a devastating long-term risk of various brain insults, including trauma, stroke, infections, and status epilepticus (SE). There is no preventive treatment for patients at risk. Attributable to the complex alterations involved in epileptogenesis, it is likely that multitargeted approaches are required for epilepsy prevention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFS9. Nonanesthetic Uses of Ether During the Anesthesia Residency of Dr. Laurie Brown 1955-1957.
J Anesth Hist
July 2015
Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Volatile general anesthetic sensing with organic field-effect transistors integrating phospholipid membranes.
Biosens Bioelectron
February 2013
Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy.
The detailed action mechanism of volatile general anesthetics is still unknown despite their effect has been clinically exploited for more than a century. Long ago it was also assessed that the potency of an anesthetic molecule well correlates with its lipophilicity and phospholipids were eventually identified as mediators. As yet, the direct effect of volatile anesthetics at physiological relevant concentrations on membranes is still under scrutiny.
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