Virusdisease
Department of Neurology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
Published: March 2016
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are widely implicated in modulating blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity and affect the entry of peripheral immune cells into the central nervous system (CNS). The expression of MMPs is tightly regulated at the level of gene transcription, conversion of pro-enzyme to active MMPs and by the action of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP). The crucial role of MMPs in inflammation indicates that perturbation of the MMP/TIMP balance decisively plays an important role in pathogenesis during viral encephalitis. The study was performed to evaluate the production of MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-3 in the sera of JEV i.e. GP 78668A (GP-78) infected BALB/c mouse model of encephalitis and gel zymography was performed for MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities. The estimation of MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-3 in JEV-infected mouse serum was analyzed by ELISA along with brain histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Evan's blue dye exclusion test was done to check the BBB integrity. Gelatin gel zymography was performed for MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities. We noticed an upregulated expression of MMPs in the sera of virus infected groups compared to controls at different days post inoculation (dpi). Post hoc analysis between days also reveals significant increase (p < 0.05) in virus infected groups with disease progression. In contrast, TIMPs expressions were significantly (p < 0.005) down regulated in the virus infected group. We provide preliminary evidence for a pattern of TIMP response in JEV infection distinct from that seen in acute inflammatory CNS conditions in JE, shown in our previous findings. Increased MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities were also found in a virus infected group with disease progression and are consistent with our previous finding of MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities in the CNS which clearly demonstrate worsen role of these immune mediators in JEV infection. This study will help to identify new targets for the therapeutic treatment of inflammatory mediated CNS disorders in JEV infection and may lead to the development of potential pharmacological targets in future.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4758310 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13337-015-0301-9 | DOI Listing |
Clin Chim Acta
January 2025
Biochemistry Department, Centro Universitário Faculdade de Medicina ABC (FMABC), Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil.
Preeclampsia (PE) is a gestational complication affecting 5% to 10% of all pregnancies. PE is characterized by hypertension and endothelial dysfunction, whose etiology involves, among other factors, alterations in the extracellular matrix (ECM) that can compromise vascular remodeling and trophoblast invasion, ie, processes essential for placental development. Endothelial dysfunction is caused by release of antiangiogenic factors, mainly a soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), which antagonizes two endothelial angiogenic factors, the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth factor (PLGF).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancers (Basel)
January 2025
Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Campus Científico-Tecnológico, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
Background/objectives: Prostate cancer (PCa) is characterised by its progression to a metastatic and castration-resistant phase. Prostate tumour cells release small extracellular vesicles or exosomes which are taken up by target cells and can potentially facilitate tumour growth and metastasis. The present work studies the effect of exosomes from cell lines that are representative of the different stages of the disease on the tumoral phenotype of PC3 cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Biosciences and Bioinformatics, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China.
Melatonin is a hormone released by the pineal gland that regulates the sleep-wake cycle. It has been widely studied for its therapeutic effects on Alzheimer's disease (AD), particularly through the amyloidosis, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation pathways. Nevertheless, the mechanisms through which it exerts its neuroprotective effects in AD are still largely unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, Adliya 15503, Bahrain.
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are M2 macrophage markers that are modulated by inflammation. A disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMS) and those with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) regulate the shedding of membrane-bound proteins, growth factors, cytokines, ligands, and receptors; MMPs, ADAMS, and ADAMTS may be regulated by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). This study aimed to determine whether these interacting proteins were dysregulated in PCOS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, 1094 Budapest, Hungary.
The octapeptide angiotensin II (Ang II) is a circulating hormone as well as a locally formed agonist synthesized by the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) of endothelial cells. It forms a powerful mechanism to control the amount and pressure of body fluids. All main effects are directed to save body salt and water and ensure blood pressure under basic conditions and in emergencies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!
© LitMetric 2025. All rights reserved.