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Incentives for smoking cessation.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
January 2025
Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Background: Financial incentives (money, vouchers, or self-deposits) can be used to positively reinforce smoking cessation. They may be used as one-off rewards, or in various schedules to reward steps towards sustained smoking abstinence (known as contingency management). They have been used in workplaces, clinics, hospitals, and community settings, and to target particular populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSynthesis of polyethylene glycol bis-anti-cancer drug couplings and their anti-tumor activity based on tumor immune dynamic modeling.
Pak J Pharm Sci
January 2025
The Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
In order to make the drugs can cure the tumor precisely, this paper establishes the tumor immune dynamic model through the differential equation of tumor growth and analyzes the persistence of the tumor immune model. Research on dual anticancer drugs and commonly used coupling methods is carried out to complete the synthesis of polyethylene glycol dual anticancer drug couplers and the antitumor activity is analyzed to derive the degree of inhibition of polyethylene glycol dual anticancer drugs on tumor activity. From the four judging criteria, it was concluded that the polyethylene glycol bis-anti-cancer drug has a better curative effect on tumor cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTumour Mutational Burden and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Response in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Continuous Modelling Approach.
Target Oncol
January 2025
College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Background: Tumour mutational burden (TMB) is an established biomarker for patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The optimal TMB cut-off is uncertain. It is also uncertain whether there is a sharp TMB threshold or a more graduated change in clinical outcomes as TMB increases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInterventions for quitting vaping.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
January 2025
Department of Health Promotion and Policy, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
Rationale: There is limited guidance on the best ways to stop using nicotine-containing vapes (otherwise known as e-cigarettes) and ensure long-term abstinence, whilst minimising the risk of tobacco smoking and other unintended consequences. Treatments could include pharmacological interventions, behavioural interventions, or both.
Objectives: To conduct a living systematic review assessing the benefits and harms of interventions to help people stop vaping compared to each other or to placebo or no intervention.
Association between peri-operative red blood cell transfusion and cancer recurrence in patients undergoing major cancer surgery: an umbrella review.
Anaesthesia
January 2025
Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Introduction: Peri-operative allogeneic red blood cell transfusion is hypothesised to increase the risk of cancer recurrence following cancer surgery. However, previous data supporting this association are limited by residual confounding. We conducted an umbrella review (i.
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