Basic experimental stem cell research has opened up the possibility of many diverse clinical applications; however, translation to clinical trials has been restricted to only a few diseases. To broaden this clinical scope, pluripotent stem cell derivatives provide a uniquely scalable source of functional differentiated cells that can potentially repair damaged or diseased tissues to treat a wide spectrum of diseases and injuries. However, gathering sound data on their distribution, longevity, function and mechanisms of action in host tissues is imperative to realizing their clinical benefit. The large-scale availability of treatments involving pluripotent stem cells remains some years away, because of the long and demanding regulatory pathway that is needed to ensure their safety.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrm.2016.10 | DOI Listing |
Tissue Eng Part C Methods
January 2025
CiRA Foundation, Research and Development Center, Osaka, Japan.
Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) have been widely used as feeder cells in embryonic stem cell cultures because they can mimic the embryonic microenvironment. Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFGE8) is expressed during mouse gonadal development, 10.5-13.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCNS Neurosci Ther
January 2025
Children's Medical Center, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
Aims: Alexander disease (AxD) is a leukodystrophy caused by mutations in the astrocytic filament gene GFAP. There are currently no effective treatments for AxD. Previous studies have rarely established AxD models with the patient's original GFAP mutations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is reversible at early stages, making early identification of high-risk individuals clinically valuable. Previously, we demonstrated that patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) harboring MASLD DNA risk variants exhibit greater oleate-induced intracellular lipid accumulation than those without these variants. This study aimed to develop an iPSC-based MASLD risk predictor using functional lipid accumulation assessments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Deficiency in the lysosomal enzyme, glucocerebrosidase (GCase), caused by mutations in the GBA1 gene, is the most common genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the consequence of reduced enzyme activity within neural cell sub-types remains ambiguous. Thus, the purpose of this study was to define the effect of GCase deficiency specifically in human astrocytes and test their non-cell autonomous influence upon dopaminergic neurons in a midbrain organoid model of PD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGene syntax-the order and arrangement of genes and their regulatory elements-shapes the dynamic coordination of both natural and synthetic gene circuits. Transcription at one locus profoundly impacts the transcription of nearby adjacent genes, but the molecular basis of this effect remains poorly understood. Here, using integrated reporter circuits in human cells, we show that supercoiling-mediated feedback regulates expression of adjacent genes in a syntax-specific manner.
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