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Observational Study of Best Supportive Care With or Without Oral Capecitabine in Patients With Metastatic Gallbladder Carcinoma at a Tertiary Center in India.
JCO Glob Oncol
January 2025
Department of Radiotherapy, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
Purpose: To compare overall survival (OS), toxicity, and quality of life (QOL) in patients with metastatic gallbladder cancer receiving oral capecitabine (X) with best supportive care (BSC) and BSC alone.
Materials And Methods: Patients with metastatic gallbladder cancer and Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) ≥70 were accrued and assigned to either arm A or B. Assignment to these two arms was based on physician/patient discretion.
A Symbolic AI Approach to Medical Training.
J Med Syst
January 2025
Computer Science Institute, DISIT, University of Eastern Piedmont, Alessandria, Italy.
In traditional medical education, learners are mostly trained to diagnose and treat patients through supervised practice. Artificial Intelligence and simulation techniques can complement such an educational practice. In this paper, we present GLARE-Edu, an innovative system in which AI knowledge-based methodologies and simulation are exploited to train learners "how to act" on patients based on the evidence-based best practices provided by clinical practice guidelines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhysician Engagement in Addressing Health-Related Social Needs and Burnout.
JAMA Netw Open
December 2024
The Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts.
Importance: Previous research suggests that a greater capacity of health care organizations to address patients' health-related social needs (HRSNs) is associated with lower physician burnout. However, individual physician-level engagement in addressing HRSNs has not been fully characterized, and its association with physician burnout remains understudied.
Objective: To characterize physicians' engagement in addressing HRSNs and examine its association with burnout.
Public Health.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Alzheimer's Disease & Brain Health, Eisai Inc., Nutley, NJ, USA.
Background: This study describes the total healthcare costs integrating direct, indirect, and intangible or emotional cost components across the severity stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in US.
Method: Utilizing Health and Retirement Study (HRS) data (1994-2018), a bi-annual US national survey of older adults, we assessed out-of-pocket and indirect costs, including unpaid caregiving services, missed workdays, and early retirement. HRS, analyzed with sampling weights, provided a representative US national sample.
Background: Several clinical guidelines and recommendations have been developed to improve the diagnostic process of patients with dementia, with the aim of optimising patient care and fostering a cost-effective use of resources. However, patient characteristics and organizational factors in clinical practice can lead physicians to deviate from recommendations. In this context, process mining (PM) is a powerful technique for evaluating the compliance of actual to ideal diagnostic pathways, but has never been used in the cognitive field.
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