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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2016.00008 | DOI Listing |
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Neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in Huntington's disease: genetic hallmarks, role of metals and organophosphates.
Neurogenetics
January 2025
Neuropharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India.
Huntington's disease (HDs) is a fatal, autosomal dominant, and hereditary neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive motor dysfunction, cognitive decline, and psychiatric disturbances. HD is well linked to mutation in the HTT gene, which leads to an abnormal expansion of trinucleotide CAG repeats, resulting in the production of the mHTT protein and responsible for abnormally long poly-Q tract. These abnormal proteins disrupt cellular processes, including neuroinflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction, ultimately leading to selective neuronal loss in the brain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Effect of glna Loss on the Physiological and Pathological Phenotype of Parkinson's Disease C. elegans.
J Clin Lab Anal
December 2024
Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. Glutamate(Glu) excitotoxicity is one of the main pathogenesis of PD. Glutaminase (Gls) is an enzyme primarily responsible for catalyzing the hydrolysis and deamidation of glutamine (Gln) to produce Glu and ammonia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSex-dependent effects of short-term ethanol, energy drinks and acute noise exposure on hippocampal oxidative balance and glutamate transporter EAAT-1 during rat adolescence.
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Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO, UBA-CONICET). Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina, 1ª Cátedra de Farmacología, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
It is known that human adolescents often consume ethanol (EtOH) alone or mixed with energy drinks (ED), especially in noisy environments. Although these agents impact the developing brain, their effects after brief exposure or when presented together remain unclear. Given that few animal studies in this subject are available, this research aimed to study the effects of a brief exposure to these stimuli on the oxidative state and EAAT-1 glutamate transporter levels in the developing rat hippocampus (HC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroglia either promote or restrain TRAIL-mediated excitotoxicity caused by Aβ oligomers.
J Neuroinflammation
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Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) features progressive neurodegeneration and microglial activation that results in dementia and cognitive decline. The release of soluble amyloid (Aβ) oligomers into the extracellular space is an early feature of AD pathology. This can promote excitotoxicity and microglial activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroprotective actions of norepinephrine in neurological diseases.
Pflugers Arch
November 2024
Nanokadeh Darooee Samen Private Joint Stock Company, Shafa Street, Urmia, 5715793731, Iran.
Article Synopsis
- Norepinephrine (NE) is essential for proper brain function and plays a significant role in various conditions like cognitive dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases.
- *Research shows that NE helps protect the brain by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and promoting cellular repair processes.
- *The review discusses the importance of NE in neuroprotection and how it supports neuronal health and survival.
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