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NBR1 enables autophagy-dependent focal adhesion turnover. | LitMetric

NBR1 enables autophagy-dependent focal adhesion turnover.

J Cell Biol

Department of Pathology and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143

Published: February 2016

AI Article Synopsis

  • Autophagy is a cellular process that helps in breaking down and recycling components, and it's shown to aid in cell migration, although the exact mechanisms are still unclear.
  • Recent live-cell imaging studies reveal that autophagy helps cells move by regulating the assembly and disassembly of structures called focal adhesions (FAs), which are crucial for cell movement.
  • The study identifies the protein NBR1 as key to this process; without NBR1, the turnover of FAs is hindered, while having an active form of NBR1 enhances FA disassembly, promoting better cell migration.

Article Abstract

Autophagy is a catabolic pathway involving the sequestration of cellular contents into a double-membrane vesicle, the autophagosome. Although recent studies have demonstrated that autophagy supports cell migration, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Using live-cell imaging, we uncover that autophagy promotes optimal migratory rate and facilitates the dynamic assembly and disassembly of cell-matrix focal adhesions (FAs), which is essential for efficient motility. Additionally, our studies reveal that autophagosomes associate with FAs primarily during disassembly, suggesting autophagy locally facilitates the destabilization of cell-matrix contact sites. Furthermore, we identify the selective autophagy cargo receptor neighbor of BRCA1 (NBR1) as a key mediator of autophagy-dependent FA remodeling. NBR1 depletion impairs FA turnover and decreases targeting of autophagosomes to FAs, whereas ectopic expression of autophagy-competent, but not autophagy-defective, NBR1 enhances FA disassembly and reduces FA lifetime during migration. Our findings provide mechanistic insight into how autophagy promotes migration by revealing a requirement for NBR1-mediated selective autophagy in enabling FA disassembly in motile cells.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4772495PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201503075DOI Listing

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