RF-amide neuropeptides, with their typical Arg-Phe-NH2 signature at their carboxyl C-termini, belong to a lineage of peptides that spans almost the entire life tree. Throughout evolution, RF-amide peptides and their receptors preserved fundamental roles in reproduction and feeding, both in Vertebrates and Invertebrates. The scope of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on the RF-amide systems in Mammals from historical aspects to therapeutic opportunities. Taking advantage of the most recent findings in the field, special focus will be given on molecular and pharmacological properties of RF-amide peptides and their receptors as well as on their implication in the control of different physiological functions including feeding, reproduction and pain. Recent progress on the development of drugs that target RF-amide receptors will also be addressed.
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Article Synopsis
- RF-amide peptides play a key role in various physiological processes including appetite regulation, stress response, behavior, and reproductive functions.
- The study focused on neuropeptide FF receptors (NPFFR1 and NPFFR2) by creating lipidized analogs of neuropeptide AF (NPAF) and a stable analog of neuropeptide FF, 1DMe, and testing their effects on food intake in mice.
- While acute administration of oct-NPAF and oct-1DMe reduced food intake in fasted mice, neither had long-term effects on food consumption or body weight in diet-induced obesity. However, oct-1DMe was linked to anxiety-like behavior and changes in hormone levels.
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