Objective: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and its spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IDDs) with a specific biomarker, aquaporin-4-immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG). Prior NMO/NMOSD epidemiological studies have been limited by lack of AQP4-IgG seroprevalence assessment, absence of population-based USA studies, and under-representation of blacks. To overcome these limitations, we sought to compare NMO/NMOSD seroepidemiology across 2 ethnically divergent populations.
Methods: We performed a population-based comparative study of the incidence (2003-2011) and prevalence (on December 31, 2011) of NMO/NMOSD and AQP4-IgG seroincidence and seroprevalence (sera collected in 80-84% of IDD cases) among patients with IDD diagnosis in Olmsted County, Minnesota (82% white [Caucasian]) and Martinique (90% black [Afro-Caribbean]). AQP4-IgG was measured by M1 isoform fluorescence-activated cell-sorting assays.
Results: The age- and sex-adjusted incidence (7.3 vs 0.7/1,000,000 person-years [p < 0.01]) and prevalence (10 vs 3.9/100,000 [p = 0.01]) in Martinique exceeded that in Olmsted County. The AQP4-IgG age- and sex-adjusted seroincidence (6.5 vs 0.7/1,000,000 person-years [p < 0.01]) and seroprevalence (7.9 vs 3.3/100,000 [p = 0.04]) were also higher in Martinique than Olmsted County. The ethnicity-specific prevalence was similar in Martinique and Olmsted County: 11.5 and 13/100,000 in blacks, and 6.1 and 4.0/100,000 in whites, respectively. NMO/NMOSD represented a higher proportion of IDD cases in Martinique than Olmsted County (16% vs 1.4%; p < 0.01). The onset age (median = 35-37 years) and female:male distribution (5-9:1) were similar across both populations; 60% of prevalent cases were either blind in 1 eye, dependent on a gait aid, or both.
Interpretation: This study reports the highest prevalence of NMO/NMOSD in any population (10/100,000 in Martinique), estimates it affects 16,000 to 17,000 in the USA (higher than previous predictions), and demonstrates it disproportionately affects blacks. Ann Neurol 2016;79:775-783.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ana.24617 | DOI Listing |
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
Importance: Understanding the interplay between diabetes risk factors and diabetes development is important to develop individual, practice, and population-level prevention strategies.
Objective: To evaluate the progression from normal and impaired fasting glucose levels to diabetes among adults.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective community-based cohort study used data from the Rochester Epidemiology Project, in Olmsted County, Minnesota, on 44 992 individuals with at least 2 fasting plasma glucose (FPG) measurements from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2017.
Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology.
Purpose: To update the epidemiological patterns of facial nerve palsy (FNP) in Olmsted County, MN.
Methods: A retrospective chart review using the Rochester Epidemiology Project database was conducted. Patients aged ≥18 years receiving a diagnosis of FNP within the Rochester Epidemiology Project database from the years 2000 to 2010 were included in the study.
J Am Soc Echocardiogr
January 2025
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
Background: Abnormalities of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function are established independent predictors of heart failure (HF) and mortality.
Objectives: To determine whether the association of diastolic function with all-cause mortality is driven by cardiovascular or non-cardiovascular death and if impaired relaxation mitral inflow filling pattern is a risk marker.
Methods: Diastolic function was graded by the Mayo Clinic algorithm utilizing the well characterized prospective Olmsted County Heart Function Study.
JACC Adv
December 2024
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Background: Population-based analyses may reduce uncertainty related to referral bias and/or incomplete follow-up.
Objectives: This study analyzed long-term mortality and durability of mitral valve repair in a geographically defined population with clinical and echocardiographic follow-up.
Methods: We used the Rochester Epidemiology Project to identify 153 Olmsted County patients who underwent mitral valve repair for degenerative regurgitation from 1993 to 2018.
J Rheumatol
January 2025
Floranne C. Ernste MD, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA.
Objective: Population-based epidemiology studies about antisynthetase syndrome (ASSD) are lacking. Our aims were to determine the incidence and prevalence of ASSD and assess malignancy risk among patients following ASSD diagnosis.
Methods: A retrospective, population-based cohort of adults with incident ASSD residing in Olmsted County, Minnesota, in 1998-2019 was assembled.
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