Ubiquitination of core stem cell transcription factors can directly affect stem cell maintenance and differentiation. Ubiquitination and deubiquitination must occur in a timely and well-coordinated manner to regulate the protein turnover of several stemness related proteins, resulting in optimal embryonic stem cell maintenance and differentiation. There are two switches: an E3 ubiquitin ligase enzyme that tags ubiquitin molecules to the target proteins for proteolysis and a second enzyme, the deubiquitinating enzyme (DUBs), that performs the opposite action, thereby preventing proteolysis. In order to maintain stemness and to allow for efficient differentiation, both ubiquitination and deubiquitination molecular switches must operate properly in a balanced manner. In this review, we have summarized the importance of the ubiquitination of core stem cell transcription factors, such as Oct3/4, c-Myc, Sox2, Klf4, Nanog, and LIN28, during cellular reprogramming. Furthermore, we emphasize the role of DUBs in regulating core stem cell transcriptional factors and their function in stem cell maintenance and differentiation. We also discuss the possibility of using DUBs, along with core transcription factors, to efficiently generate induced pluripotent stem cells. Our review provides a relatively new understanding regarding the importance of ubiquitination/deubiquitination of stem cell transcription factors for efficient cellular reprogramming.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4736574 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6705927 | DOI Listing |
Stem Cell Rev Rep
January 2025
Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
Background: The hypobaric hypoxic atmosphere can cause adverse reactions or sickness. The purpose of this study was to explore the preventive effect and mechanism of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) on acute pathological injury in mice exposed to high-altitude.
Methods: We pretreated C57BL/6 mice with hUC-MSCs via the tail vein injection, and then the mice were subjected to hypobaric hypoxic conditions for five days.
Ann Surg Oncol
January 2025
Department of Otolaryngology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Background: Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a highly lethal disease, often diagnosed with advanced locoregional and distant metastases, resulting in a median survival of just 3-5 months. This study determines the stratified effectiveness of baseline treatments in all combinations, enabling precise prognoses prediction and establishing benchmarks for advanced therapeutic options.
Methods: The study extracted a cohort of pathologically confirmed ATC patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program.
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim
January 2025
Department of Outpatient Service, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421002, Hunan, China.
The objective of this study is to explore how adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) regulate mitochondrial structure and function and the impact of this regulation on slowing cellular senescence. HFF-1 cells were induced by HO to establish a cellular senescence model, and ASCs or Mdivi-1 (mitochondrial fission inhibitor) was added. MTT examined the cell proliferation; flow cytometry detected mitochondrial membrane potential as well as apoptosis and cell cycle; kit measured ATP production; ELISA analyzed the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha-like (TNF-α), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD); Western blotting and qRT-PCR detected the expression of protein and mRNA levels; and β-galactosidase staining observed the degree of cellular senescence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Hematol
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center, Petach-Tikva, Israel.
Chronic Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), affecting the female genital tract in 25-66% of the patients. This condition, referred to as Genital GVHD is an underdiagnosed gynecologic comorbidity, that can significantly impair quality of life. We aimed to describe the prevalence and management of genital GVHD following HSCT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Pharmacy, University of Miyazaki Hospital, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake-cho, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan.
Intra-patient variability in immunosuppressive blood drug concentrations is a potential biomarker in managing organ transplant patients. However, the association between the time in therapeutic range of tacrolimus blood concentrations and its efficacy in preventing graft-versus-host disease remains unknown. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between the time in therapeutic range of tacrolimus blood concentrations and its efficacy in acute graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!