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Prognostic factors in children with PRES and hematologic diseases. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a condition seen often in children, particularly those with cancer, characterized by symptoms like headaches, seizures, and confusion, as well as identifiable brain lesions through neuroimaging.
  • A review of cases showed a high occurrence of hypertension and neurological symptoms, with EEG and MRI confirming the presence of abnormalities in patients.
  • Early recognition of PRES in stem cell transplant recipients is crucial to prevent serious complications and improve outcomes, as many patients suffered long-term neurological issues or death related to the syndrome.

Article Abstract

Objectives: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinical and radiological entity characterized by focal neurological signs, headache, confusion, and seizure, associated with transitory lesions in the posterior areas of the brain detectable with neuroimaging. Among children, one of the most common causes of PRES is cancer.

Materials And Methods: In this review, we present the cases of 5 children developing PRES after stem cell transplantation for hematological disease and review all the cases reported in English literature to investigate outcomes and associated risk factors.

Results: One hundred and eleven cases were reported. Hypertension was very frequent (80%). Clinical features included seizures (80.1%), headache (44.1%), visual disturbance (26.1%), and mental change (48.6%). EEG was abnormal in 27 of 32 patients. MRI revealed characteristic lesions in all patients even in early stages. Abnormal MRI findings in late stages were associated with neurological sequelae. Nineteen patients died (17.1%) of which 2 of PRES. Among alive patients, 17 had neurological sequelae. Four cases of PRES relapse were described.

Conclusions: Thus, all transplant recipients with symptoms consistent with PRES should be promptly recognized to avoid long-term complications or even death.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ane.12570DOI Listing

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