As the human population continues to age, an increasing number of people will exhibit significant deficits in cognitive function and dementia. It is now recognized that cerebrovascular, metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases all play major roles in the evolution of cognitive impairment and dementia. Thus with our more recent recognition of these relationships and our need to understand and more positively impact on this world health problem, "The Leo and Anne Albert Charitable Trust" (Gene Pranzo, Trustee with significant support from Susan Brogan, Meeting Planner) provided generous support for this inaugural international workshop that was held from April 13-16, 2015 at the beautiful Ritz Carlton Golf Resort in North Naples, Florida. Researchers from SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY organized the event by selecting the present group of translationally inclined preclinical, clinical and population scientists focused on cerebrovascular disease (CVD) risk and its progression to vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) and dementia. Participants at the workshop addressed important issues related to aging, cognition and dementia by: (1) sharing new data, information and perspectives that intersect vascular, metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases, (2) discussing gaps in translating population risk, clinical and preclinical information to the progression of cognitive loss, and (3) debating new approaches and methods to fill these gaps that can translate into future therapeutic interventions. Participants agreed on topics for group discussion prior to the meeting and focused on specific translational goals that included promoting better understanding of dementia mechanisms, the identification of potential therapeutic targets for intervention, and discussed/debated the potential utility of diagnostic/prognostic markers. Below summarizes the new data-presentations, concepts, novel directions and specific discussion topics addressed by this international translational team at our "First Leo and Anne Albert Charitable Trust 'Think Tank' VCI workshop".
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12967-016-0806-z | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
December 2024
The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, No. 1 Xuefu North Road, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China.
Diabetes Mellitus combined with Mild Cognitive Impairment (DM-MCI) is a high incidence disease among the elderly. Patients with DM-MCI have considerably higher risk of dementia, whose daily self-care and life management (i.e.
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December 2024
Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea.
To understand the action mechanism of probiotics against postmenopausal symptoms, we examined the effects of Lactococcus lactis P32 (P) and Bifidobacterium bifidum P45 (P), which suppressed interleukin (IL)-6 and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK) ligand (RNAKL) expression in Gardnerella vaginalis (Gv)-stimulated macrophages, on vaginitis, osteoporosis, and depression/cognitive impairment (DC) in mice with vaginally infected Gv, ovariectomy (Ov), or Ov/Gv (oG). Oral administration of P or P decreased Gv-induced DC-like behavior and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-6, RANK, and/or RANKL expression in the vagina, bone, hypothalamus, hippocampus, and colon, while Gv-suppressed bone osteoprotegerin and brain serotonin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels increased. They partially shifted vaginal and gut dysbiosis in Gv-infected mice to the gut microbiota composition in normal control mice.
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December 2024
Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
In a series of studies on blood-brain barrier transportable peptides, a soybean dipeptide, Tyr-Pro, penetrated the mouse brain parenchyma after oral intake and improved short and long memory impairment in acute Alzheimer's model mice. Here, we aimed to clarify the anti-dementia effects of this peptide administered to SAMP8 mice prior to dementia onset. At the end of the 25-week protocol in 16-week-old SAMP8 mice, Tyr-Pro (10 mg/kg/day) significantly improved the reduced spatial learning ability compared with that in the control and amino acid (Tyr + Pro) groups as indicated by the results of Morris water maze tests conducted for five consecutive days.
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December 2024
Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Impaired muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity is associated with future cognitive impairment, and higher levels of PET and blood biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and neurodegeneration. Here, we examine its associations with up to over a decade-long changes in brain atrophy and microstructure. Higher in vivo skeletal muscle oxidative capacity via MR spectroscopy (post-exercise recovery rate, k) is associated with less ventricular enlargement and brain aging progression, and less atrophy in specific regions, notably primary sensorimotor cortex, temporal white and gray matter, thalamus, occipital areas, cingulate cortex, and cerebellum white matter.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransl Psychiatry
December 2024
School of Computer Science and Technology (School of Data Science), Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by severe disturbance and fluctuation in mood. Dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) has the potential to more accurately capture the evolving processes of emotion and cognition in BD. Nevertheless, prior investigations of dFC typically centered on larger time scales, limiting the sensitivity to transient changes.
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