Artesunate as an Anti-Cancer Agent Targets Stat-3 and Favorably Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Curr Top Med Chem

Department of Bioinformatics, CTOR Lab, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur-613401, Tamilnadu, India.

Published: February 2017

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study focuses on targeting the STAT-3 signaling pathway to suppress hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in humans.
  • Researchers identified Artesunate (ATS) as a promising small molecule inhibitor of STAT-3 through a combination of computational and experimental methods.
  • ATS demonstrated effective inhibition of STAT-3's activity and promoted apoptosis in cancer cells, indicating its potential as a therapeutic agent against HCC.

Article Abstract

Background: Aberrant signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT-3) molecular signaling elicit hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in humans. Therefore, targeting STAT-3 is considered as an attractive option towards suppression of HCC in humans.

Objective: Our objective is to identify a potential small molecule inhibitor that can specifically target STAT-3 and suppress HCC.

Methods: In this study, we analyze a group of sesquiterpene lactone (STL) candidates that has been recently reported in preclinical trials against cancer by a unified computational and experimental approach.

Results: Our virtual analysis of the STL candidates revealed Artesunate (ATS) as the best potential inhibitor of STAT-3 with comparable potency to specific inhibitor S3I-201. We also observed that ATS inhibited IL-6 driven STAT-3-DNA binding activity with comparable potency to S3I-201 in a cell free system. Furthermore ATS was observed to interfere with STAT-3 dimerization and suppression of both constitutive and IL-6 inducible STAT-3 in vitro. Nevertheless, we also observed that ATS modulated STAT-3 dependent targets (procaspase-3, Bcl-xl and survivin) favoring occurrence of apoptosis in vitro. Overall, the putative inhibition of STAT-3 by ATS suggested its capacity to interfere with STAT-3 dimerization by binding to the SH2 domain of STAT-3 monomer. It resulted in suppression of STAT-3 and also favored promotion of in vitro cells towards apoptosis. Consequently, ATS also exhibited selective cytotoxicity of cancer cells over normal cells in vitro.

Conclusion: All the above observations substantiated by unified computational and in vitro experimental approaches suggested its potential role as a therapeutic anti-cancer agent against HCC.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026616666160212122820DOI Listing

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