Individual behavioral and neurochemical markers of unadapted decision-making processes in healthy inbred mice.

Brain Struct Funct

Equipe 'Neurobiologie de la prise de décision', Neuro-PSI, CNRS UMR 9197, 91400, Orsay, France.

Published: December 2016

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study investigates how differences in decision-making among healthy mice can indicate risk factors for psychiatric disorders, using a gambling task adapted from a human model.
  • Researchers found that mice exhibited different decision-making strategies: 44% were balanced, 29% played it safe but were rigid, and 27% took risks.
  • The behaviors correlated with specific neurochemical profiles, with rigid mice showing low dopamine levels and high serotonin while risk-takers had high levels of dopamine, serotonin, and noradrenaline, suggesting biological markers linked to decision-making styles.

Article Abstract

One of the hallmarks of decision-making processes is the inter-individual variability between healthy subjects. These behavioral patterns could constitute risk factors for the development of psychiatric disorders. Therefore, finding predictive markers of safe or risky decision-making is an important challenge for psychiatry research. We set up a mouse gambling task (MGT)-adapted from the human Iowa gambling task with uncertain contingencies between response and outcome that furthermore enables the emergence of inter-individual differences. Mice (n = 54) were further individually characterized for locomotive, emotional and cognitive behavior. Individual basal rates of monoamines and brain activation after the MGT were assessed in brain regions related to reward, emotion or cognition. In a large healthy mice population, 44 % showed a balanced strategy with limited risk-taking and flexible choices, 29 % showed a safe but rigid strategy, while 27 % adopted risky behavior. Risky mice took also more risks in other apparatus behavioral devices and were less sensitive to reward. No difference existed between groups regarding anxiety, working memory, locomotion and impulsivity. Safe/rigid mice exhibited a hypoactivation of prefrontal subareas, a high level of serotonin in the orbitofrontal cortex combined with a low level of dopamine in the putamen that predicted the emergence of rigid behavior. By contrast, high levels of dopamine, serotonin and noradrenalin in the hippocampus predicted the emergence of more exploratory and risky behaviors. The coping of C57bl/6J mice in MGT enables the determination of extreme patterns of choices either safe/rigid or risky/flexible, related to specific neurochemical and behavioral markers.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5102946PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00429-016-1192-2DOI Listing

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