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Omics analysis reveals galectin-3 to be a potential key regulator of allergic inflammation in hereditary angioedema.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob
February 2025
Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Clinical Translational Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.
Background: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare inherited disorder that predisposes an individual to develop vasogenic edema. Bradykinin release, which increases vascular permeability, results in angioedema. C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) is a major regulator of critical enzymes involved in bradykinin generation and mutations in genes that encode the C1 inhibitor of complement factor 1, which prevent its synthesis (type I HAE), form a dysfunctional protein (type II HAE), or have normal functioning C1-INH (type III HAE, aka HAE-III).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical characteristics, management, diagnostic findings, and various etiologies of patients with Kounis syndrome. A systematic review.
Int J Cardiol
January 2025
CHANGE Research Working Group, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru.
Article Synopsis
- - Kounis syndrome (KS) involves acute coronary syndrome triggered by an anaphylactic reaction and is often missed in diagnoses; new causes for it are being recognized.
- - A review of 190 studies revealed that most patients were male, with an average age of 54.4 years, and common issues included hypertension, diabetes, and chest pain.
- - KS commonly results from drug use (especially antibiotics) and has a calculated incidence rate of 11.12 per 1000 people, with a mortality rate of 7.47%, but 86.92% of patients showed positive outcomes after treatment.
Kounis Syndrome: Review of Clinical Cases.
Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets
October 2024
Department of Hospital Therapy with a Course of Medical and Social Expertise, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education, "Ryazan State Medical University Named after Academician I.P. Pavlov" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ryazan, 390026, Russia.
Article Synopsis
- The study reviewed 761 papers, ultimately analyzing 235 clinical cases, with most patients around 57 years old and primarily male (68.5%).
- Key symptoms included chest pain and low blood pressure, with certain drugs like antibiotics being common triggers, showing the need for careful monitoring of allergic reactions during treatment.
Intrinsic endothelial hyperresponsiveness to inflammatory mediators drives acute episodes in models of Clarkson disease.
J Clin Invest
March 2024
Lung and Vascular Inflammation Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, and.
Clarkson disease, or monoclonal gammopathy-associated idiopathic systemic capillary leak syndrome (ISCLS), is a rare, relapsing-remitting disorder featuring the abrupt extravasation of fluids and proteins into peripheral tissues, which in turn leads to hypotensive shock, severe hemoconcentration, and hypoalbuminemia. The specific leakage factor(s) and pathways in ISCLS are unknown, and there is no effective treatment for acute flares. Here, we characterize an autonomous vascular endothelial defect in ISCLS that was recapitulated in patient-derived endothelial cells (ECs) in culture and in a mouse model of disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFType III Kounis Syndrome Caused by Iodine Contrast Media After Improvement of Allergic Symptoms.
Cureus
March 2024
Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, JPN.
Kounis syndrome is an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) caused by an allergic reaction that almost always occurs immediately and simultaneously with allergic symptoms. We present a case of Kounis syndrome type III that developed after complete resolution of contrast-induced anaphylaxis in a 60-year-old man with a coronary stent placed in the proximal left anterior descending (LAD) artery branch for ischemic heart disease. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed anaphylactic shock.
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