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Limited Antigenic Diversity in Contemporary H7 Avian-Origin Influenza A Viruses from North America. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Subtype H7 avian-origin influenza A viruses (AIVs) have led to over 500 confirmed human infections since 2003 and resulted in the culling of more than 75 million birds in recent years.* -
  • Researchers analyzed 93 AIV isolates from North America, finding that the H7 viruses from this region exhibit distinct genetic profiles compared to those from Eurasia, with limited antigenic diversity despite ongoing genetic changes.* -
  • The study concludes that while H7 AIVs are continuously evolving, this evolution has not significantly altered their antigenic properties, which could influence public health strategies regarding potential threats to humans and poultry.*

Article Abstract

Subtype H7 avian-origin influenza A viruses (AIVs) have caused at least 500 confirmed human infections since 2003 and culling of >75 million birds in recent years. Here we antigenically and genetically characterized 93 AIV isolates from North America (85 from migratory waterfowl [1976-2010], 7 from domestic poultry [1971-2012], and 1 from a seal [1980]). The hemagglutinin gene of these H7 viruses are separated from those from Eurasia. Gradual accumulation of nucleotide and amino acid substitutions was observed in the hemagglutinin of H7 AIVs from waterfowl and domestic poultry. Genotype characterization suggested that H7 AIVs in wild birds form diverse and transient internal gene constellations. Serologic analyses showed that the 93 isolates cross-reacted with each other to different extents. Antigenic cartography showed that the average antigenic distance among them was 1.14 units (standard deviation [SD], 0.57 unit) and that antigenic diversity among the H7 isolates we tested was limited. Our results suggest that the continuous genetic evolution has not led to significant antigenic diversity for H7 AIVs from North America. These findings add to our understanding of the natural history of IAVs and will inform public health decision-making regarding the threat these viruses pose to humans and poultry.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4746648PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep20688DOI Listing

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